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<p>This study aimed to evaluate the impact of organic materials (straw, organic fertilizer, biochar) on wheat and maize yields in Vertisol soils and identify optimal organic–inorganic fertilizer combinations for sustainable productivity. A meta-analysis of 39 peer-reviewed studies (448 datasets) from field experiments (2000–2024) was conducted. Data on crop yields, fertilizer types (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium), and organic material applications were extracted. Organic materials significantly improved wheat and maize yields in Vertisols. Straw return showed the highest benefit for wheat yield, while organic fertilizer was more effective for maize yield. Combining moderate nitrogen (N) with elevated phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) inputs further improved yields. However, maize yield responses were more variable, highlighting the need for further research. Straw return and organic fertilizer are recommended for wheat and maize, respectively, alongside moderate N (201–250&#xa0;kg&#xa0;ha⁻<sup>1</sup>) and elevated P and K rates (91–120&#xa0;kg&#xa0;ha⁻<sup>1</sup>).</p>

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Organic Materials Application Increases Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L) and Maize (Zea mays L) Yield in Vertisol Region: Evidence from a Meta-analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月13日

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  • Zhiwei Tang,
  • Ying Weng,
  • Li Yang,
  • Baoqiang Zheng,
  • JinCai Li,
  • Xiang Chen

摘要

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of organic materials (straw, organic fertilizer, biochar) on wheat and maize yields in Vertisol soils and identify optimal organic–inorganic fertilizer combinations for sustainable productivity. A meta-analysis of 39 peer-reviewed studies (448 datasets) from field experiments (2000–2024) was conducted. Data on crop yields, fertilizer types (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium), and organic material applications were extracted. Organic materials significantly improved wheat and maize yields in Vertisols. Straw return showed the highest benefit for wheat yield, while organic fertilizer was more effective for maize yield. Combining moderate nitrogen (N) with elevated phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) inputs further improved yields. However, maize yield responses were more variable, highlighting the need for further research. Straw return and organic fertilizer are recommended for wheat and maize, respectively, alongside moderate N (201–250 kg ha⁻1) and elevated P and K rates (91–120 kg ha⁻1).