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<p>Soil organic carbon (SOC) plays a vital role in maintaining soil health and productivity in the red soil hilly regions of southern China. However, the specific changes in active SOC fractions and their relationships with the microbial community under grass cultivation remain unclear. Grass cultivation was implemented in 5-year-old and 16-year-old orchards, with clear tillage as the control, to assess its effects on soil properties, active SOC fractions, and the bacterial community structure. Grass cultivation significantly improved soil fertility and carbon components, with the 16-year-old orchard showing the greatest increase. The SOC content increased by 56.64% in the 16-year orchard and by 21.24% in the 5-year-old orchard compared with that in clear tillage, and the particulate organic carbon (POC) content increased by 0.46&#xa0;g·kg<sup>−</sup>¹ in the 5-year-old orchard and more substantially in the 16-year-old orchard. Although the pH remained consistent across treatments, grass cultivation significantly increased bacterial diversity, with higher Chao1 and Shannon indices under long-term grass cultivation. Proteobacteria presented the highest relative abundance, while redundancy analysis revealed that soil properties and the bacterial community structure significantly influenced active SOC fractions. Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Proteobacteria were key factors in explaining carbon variation in long-term grass cultivation orchards. This study revealed that grass cultivation in orchards effectively increased soil fertility, SOC active fractions, and bacterial diversity. Moreover, long-term grass cultivation was more effective at improving soil quality and carbon sequestration capacity than short-term grass cultivation. This study integrates SOC fraction analysis with microbial community characteristics to reveal the temporal effects of microbial communities on active carbon fractions under grass cultivation. It offers a unique perspective on enhancing soil carbon storage through long-term orchard management. These findings provide essential theoretical support for optimizing soil management practices and promoting sustainable orchard production in the red soil hilly areas of southern China.</p>

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Effects of Grass Cultivation on the Soil Organic Carbon of Citrus Orchard Soil and Their Microbial Mechanisms in Red Soil Hilly Areas

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月24日

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  • Zhuopin Zhuo,
  • Heming Li,
  • Bangning Zhou,
  • Xiaopeng Wang,
  • Xiaohui Lin,
  • Lei Wang,
  • Fangshi Jiang,
  • Jinshi Lin,
  • Yanhe Huang,
  • Yue Zhang

摘要

Soil organic carbon (SOC) plays a vital role in maintaining soil health and productivity in the red soil hilly regions of southern China. However, the specific changes in active SOC fractions and their relationships with the microbial community under grass cultivation remain unclear. Grass cultivation was implemented in 5-year-old and 16-year-old orchards, with clear tillage as the control, to assess its effects on soil properties, active SOC fractions, and the bacterial community structure. Grass cultivation significantly improved soil fertility and carbon components, with the 16-year-old orchard showing the greatest increase. The SOC content increased by 56.64% in the 16-year orchard and by 21.24% in the 5-year-old orchard compared with that in clear tillage, and the particulate organic carbon (POC) content increased by 0.46 g·kg−¹ in the 5-year-old orchard and more substantially in the 16-year-old orchard. Although the pH remained consistent across treatments, grass cultivation significantly increased bacterial diversity, with higher Chao1 and Shannon indices under long-term grass cultivation. Proteobacteria presented the highest relative abundance, while redundancy analysis revealed that soil properties and the bacterial community structure significantly influenced active SOC fractions. Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Proteobacteria were key factors in explaining carbon variation in long-term grass cultivation orchards. This study revealed that grass cultivation in orchards effectively increased soil fertility, SOC active fractions, and bacterial diversity. Moreover, long-term grass cultivation was more effective at improving soil quality and carbon sequestration capacity than short-term grass cultivation. This study integrates SOC fraction analysis with microbial community characteristics to reveal the temporal effects of microbial communities on active carbon fractions under grass cultivation. It offers a unique perspective on enhancing soil carbon storage through long-term orchard management. These findings provide essential theoretical support for optimizing soil management practices and promoting sustainable orchard production in the red soil hilly areas of southern China.