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<p>Wheat productivity is significantly hampered by limited phosphorus (P) availability in alkaline calcareous soils. The present study is designed to improve morpho-physiological attributes, nutritional quality, wheat yield while enhancing P availability by effective utilization of native P source (rock phosphate: RP) along with drought-tolerant phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB). Bacterial isolates were characterized for plant growth-promoting traits and screened for drought tolerance. Further, their effectiveness was evaluated by inducing drought stress in hydroponic experiment under controlled conditions. Infrared thermal imaging (IRTI) was used to assess the impact of bacterial inoculation on drought tolerance of wheat seedlings. The effects of selected drought-tolerant PSB consortium on P availability, wheat growth and yield were evaluated under both net house and field conditions. The chemical fertilizer was applied as control with treatments including 100% of recommended dose (100% P), 80% of recommended dose either alone (80% P), or in combination with PSB and RP. The isolated PSB strains (<i>Enterobacter cloacae</i>, <i>Pseudomonas putida</i>, <i>Brucella haematophila</i>, <i>Bacillus pumilus</i>, <i>Paenochrobactrum pullorum</i> and <i>Ochrobactrum soli</i>) exhibited significant phosphate solubilization ability (135–315&#xa0;µg&#xa0;mL<sup>−1</sup>) and drought resistance (up to 15% PEG stress). PSB inoculation increased vigor index (83%) and root length (101%) under drought conditions, while also boosting chlorophyll content and reducing proline levels. Rhizoscanning and IRTI revealed enhanced root architecture and water stress tolerance of wheat seedlings. In net house trials, combined application of PSB and RP improved straw P content by 44% and 100-grain weight by 51% compared to the 80% P treatment. In field conditions, 100-grain weight increased by 18% with PSB and RP treatment over 80% P control. Principal component analysis showed a positive correlation between inoculated treatments and improved P content, plant morphology, and yield. The combined use of drought-tolerant PSB and RP is a promising strategy for increasing phosphorus availability and wheat production in alkaline calcareous soils.</p>

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Integrated Application of Drought-Tolerant Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Native P Source Improves P Availability with Sustainable Wheat Production

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月28日

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  • Hafiz Shahid Hussain,
  • Saira Tabbasum,
  • Naima Mahreen,
  • Mahreen Yahya,
  • Khansa Ejaz,
  • Zoya Aslam,
  • Muhammad Imtiaz,
  • Ejaz ul Islam,
  • Zahid Iqbal Sajid,
  • Sumera Yasmin

摘要

Wheat productivity is significantly hampered by limited phosphorus (P) availability in alkaline calcareous soils. The present study is designed to improve morpho-physiological attributes, nutritional quality, wheat yield while enhancing P availability by effective utilization of native P source (rock phosphate: RP) along with drought-tolerant phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB). Bacterial isolates were characterized for plant growth-promoting traits and screened for drought tolerance. Further, their effectiveness was evaluated by inducing drought stress in hydroponic experiment under controlled conditions. Infrared thermal imaging (IRTI) was used to assess the impact of bacterial inoculation on drought tolerance of wheat seedlings. The effects of selected drought-tolerant PSB consortium on P availability, wheat growth and yield were evaluated under both net house and field conditions. The chemical fertilizer was applied as control with treatments including 100% of recommended dose (100% P), 80% of recommended dose either alone (80% P), or in combination with PSB and RP. The isolated PSB strains (Enterobacter cloacae, Pseudomonas putida, Brucella haematophila, Bacillus pumilus, Paenochrobactrum pullorum and Ochrobactrum soli) exhibited significant phosphate solubilization ability (135–315 µg mL−1) and drought resistance (up to 15% PEG stress). PSB inoculation increased vigor index (83%) and root length (101%) under drought conditions, while also boosting chlorophyll content and reducing proline levels. Rhizoscanning and IRTI revealed enhanced root architecture and water stress tolerance of wheat seedlings. In net house trials, combined application of PSB and RP improved straw P content by 44% and 100-grain weight by 51% compared to the 80% P treatment. In field conditions, 100-grain weight increased by 18% with PSB and RP treatment over 80% P control. Principal component analysis showed a positive correlation between inoculated treatments and improved P content, plant morphology, and yield. The combined use of drought-tolerant PSB and RP is a promising strategy for increasing phosphorus availability and wheat production in alkaline calcareous soils.