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<p>The widespread use of conventional insecticides has raised serious environmental and ecological concerns, prompting the search for safer, eco-friendly alternatives. This study investigates the in vivo and in silico effects of a novel cobalt(II)-2-iodobenzoate complex on the model pest <i>Galleria mellonella</i>. Structural characterization of the complex was confirmed via Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA), and elemental analysis. Biochemical assays revealed that exposure to the cobalt(II)-2-iodobenzoate complex significantly increased the activities of key metabolic enzymes, including aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatine kinase (CK), amylase (AMYL), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), indicating cellular damage and metabolic disruption, potentially linked to cellular stress. These enzyme activity changes suggest that the complex triggers both cytotoxic effects and adaptive physiological responses. Molecular docking studies further demonstrated a strong binding affinity (− 7.9&#xa0;kcal/mol) of the complex to the juvenile hormone-binding protein (JHBP). The complex formed stable interactions within the predicted binding pocket, suggesting possible occupancy of the juvenile hormone-binding site. These findings highlight the potential of this cobalt(II) complex as an environmentally benign candidate for pest control.</p>

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Biochemical and molecular effects of a novel cobalt(II)-2-iodobenzoate complex on Galleria mellonella as a model pest

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月1日

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  • Serkan Sugeçti,
  • Mustafa Sertçelik,
  • Ömür Aydın

摘要

The widespread use of conventional insecticides has raised serious environmental and ecological concerns, prompting the search for safer, eco-friendly alternatives. This study investigates the in vivo and in silico effects of a novel cobalt(II)-2-iodobenzoate complex on the model pest Galleria mellonella. Structural characterization of the complex was confirmed via Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA), and elemental analysis. Biochemical assays revealed that exposure to the cobalt(II)-2-iodobenzoate complex significantly increased the activities of key metabolic enzymes, including aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatine kinase (CK), amylase (AMYL), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), indicating cellular damage and metabolic disruption, potentially linked to cellular stress. These enzyme activity changes suggest that the complex triggers both cytotoxic effects and adaptive physiological responses. Molecular docking studies further demonstrated a strong binding affinity (− 7.9 kcal/mol) of the complex to the juvenile hormone-binding protein (JHBP). The complex formed stable interactions within the predicted binding pocket, suggesting possible occupancy of the juvenile hormone-binding site. These findings highlight the potential of this cobalt(II) complex as an environmentally benign candidate for pest control.