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<p>Eri silkworm rearing on host leaves faces several challenges, necessitating the development of artificial diets for improved sustainability. This study formulated and evaluated castor and tapioca-based diets to assess their impact on larval growth, development, and adult emergence. While artificial diets supported partial development when administered to fifth instars, early instar feeding (first to fourth) resulted in high mortality. Among fifth instar larvae, survival rates remained low, with emergence rates of 30% and 20% for castor and tapioca-based diets, respectively. The Effective Rate of Rearing (ERR) was 65% for the castor-based diet and 60% for the tapioca-based diet, significantly lower than the control groups fed natural castor (100%) and tapioca (95%) leaves. Nutritional indices, including Relative Growth Rate (RGR), Approximate Digestibility (AD), Efficiency of Conversion of Ingested Food (ECI), and Efficiency of Conversion of Digested Food (EDI), were higher in naturally fed larvae, while Relative Consumption Rate (RCR) was lower in those on artificial diets. Histological assessments demonstrated tissue damage in the cuticle, gut, silk gland, and fat body of larvae reared on artificial diets. These findings emphasize the critical need for further refinement of artificial diet formulations to ensure their nutritional adequacy while minimizing adverse physiological effects in eri silkworms.</p>

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Comparative evaluation of castor and tapioca-based artificial diets on the growth, nutritional physiology, and tissue histology of eri silkworm, Samia ricini (Donovan)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月23日

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  • R. K. Gokulakrishnaa,
  • Thirunavukkarasu Selvamuthukumaran

摘要

Eri silkworm rearing on host leaves faces several challenges, necessitating the development of artificial diets for improved sustainability. This study formulated and evaluated castor and tapioca-based diets to assess their impact on larval growth, development, and adult emergence. While artificial diets supported partial development when administered to fifth instars, early instar feeding (first to fourth) resulted in high mortality. Among fifth instar larvae, survival rates remained low, with emergence rates of 30% and 20% for castor and tapioca-based diets, respectively. The Effective Rate of Rearing (ERR) was 65% for the castor-based diet and 60% for the tapioca-based diet, significantly lower than the control groups fed natural castor (100%) and tapioca (95%) leaves. Nutritional indices, including Relative Growth Rate (RGR), Approximate Digestibility (AD), Efficiency of Conversion of Ingested Food (ECI), and Efficiency of Conversion of Digested Food (EDI), were higher in naturally fed larvae, while Relative Consumption Rate (RCR) was lower in those on artificial diets. Histological assessments demonstrated tissue damage in the cuticle, gut, silk gland, and fat body of larvae reared on artificial diets. These findings emphasize the critical need for further refinement of artificial diet formulations to ensure their nutritional adequacy while minimizing adverse physiological effects in eri silkworms.