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<p>The challenges of insecticide resistance and environmental pollution necessitate sustainable alternatives for malaria vector control. This study evaluated the bio-control potential of native aquatic macroinvertebrates against <i>Anopheles gambiae</i> larvae in Ilorin, Nigeria. Macroinvertebrates were sampled from six locations (comprising 15 breeding habitats) across Ilorin. Following preliminary screening, the predatory efficiency of three key families (Gyrinidae, Notonectidae, and Nepidae) was assessed using defined metrics: Larval Consumption Rate (LCR, %/day), Predation Rate (PR, larvae/predator/hour), and a composite Predatory Potential (PP). Gyrinidae demonstrated superior performance, with a maximum LCR of 87.3 ± 0.5%, a diurnal PR of 1.46 ± 0.02, and a resultant PP of 1.27. Notonectidae and Nepidae showed moderate efficiency, with PP values of 0.37 and 0.24, respectively. Predator density and starvation significantly influenced consumption at higher ratios. All predators exhibited diurnal feeding patterns. This study provides quantitative evidence for the efficacy of native macroinvertebrates, particularly Gyrinidae, and underscores their potential as sustainable components of Integrated Vector Management strategies for malaria control in Nigeria. The novel composite index, Predatory Potential, offers a standardised framework for comparing biocontrol agents.</p>

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Laboratory assessment of native aquatic macroinvertebrates as biocontrol agents against Anopheles gambiae larvae in Kwara State, Nigeria

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月18日

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  • Olukayode James Adelaja,
  • Faith Zaphaniah,
  • Ayobami Dorcas Olaleye,
  • Rhoda Ibukunoluwa Yusuf,
  • Adeolu Taiwo Ande

摘要

The challenges of insecticide resistance and environmental pollution necessitate sustainable alternatives for malaria vector control. This study evaluated the bio-control potential of native aquatic macroinvertebrates against Anopheles gambiae larvae in Ilorin, Nigeria. Macroinvertebrates were sampled from six locations (comprising 15 breeding habitats) across Ilorin. Following preliminary screening, the predatory efficiency of three key families (Gyrinidae, Notonectidae, and Nepidae) was assessed using defined metrics: Larval Consumption Rate (LCR, %/day), Predation Rate (PR, larvae/predator/hour), and a composite Predatory Potential (PP). Gyrinidae demonstrated superior performance, with a maximum LCR of 87.3 ± 0.5%, a diurnal PR of 1.46 ± 0.02, and a resultant PP of 1.27. Notonectidae and Nepidae showed moderate efficiency, with PP values of 0.37 and 0.24, respectively. Predator density and starvation significantly influenced consumption at higher ratios. All predators exhibited diurnal feeding patterns. This study provides quantitative evidence for the efficacy of native macroinvertebrates, particularly Gyrinidae, and underscores their potential as sustainable components of Integrated Vector Management strategies for malaria control in Nigeria. The novel composite index, Predatory Potential, offers a standardised framework for comparing biocontrol agents.