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<p>Leaf-eating caterpillars and budworms pose a significant threat to moringa<i>.</i> The management of these pests primarily relies on repeated application of persistent chemical insecticides. However, to mitigate the adverse effects of these chemicals, it is imperative to explore novel eco-friendly insecticides and biorational formulations. In this study, six insecticides, Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC, Emamectin benzoate 5 SG, Indoxacarb 15.8 EC, Spinosad 45 SC, Novaluron 10 EC and Fipronil 5 SC belonging to different chemical groups and six biorationals, Neem Seed Kernel Extract (NSKE) 5%, Neem oil 1%, Azadirachtin 300 PPM, <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> 2 × 10<sup>8</sup>&#xa0;CFU/mL, <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i> 2 × 10<sup>8</sup>&#xa0;CFU/mL, and <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> 5 × 10<sup>8</sup>, were evaluated under field conditions. Spinosad 45 SC achieved the highest larval reduction for <i>N. blitealis</i> (86.12% over control after the second spray; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), while Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC provided superior control of <i>N. moringae</i> bud infestation (75.38% reduction; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Among the biorationals, Azadirachtin 300 PPM exhibited the highest efficacy in reducing infestations of both <i>N. blitealis</i> (58.32% larval reduction over control after the second spray) and <i>N. moringae</i> (53.84% bud reduction). Chlorantraniliprole and Azadirachtin yielded the highest green pod production, attaining 2096 and 1421&#xa0;kg/ha, respectively. These results imply that prioritizing Spinosad and Chlorantraniliprole for chemical control, alongside Azadirachtin as a biorational alternative, can minimize pesticide residues, enhance yields, and promote eco-friendly IPM strategies for moringa cultivation in tropical regions.</p>

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Novel insecticides and biorationals for managing Noorda blitealis and N. moringae in moringa

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月26日

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  • M. Duvaraga Devi,
  • M. Muthuswami,
  • A. Suganthi,
  • C. Indu Rani,
  • N. Manikanda Boopathi

摘要

Leaf-eating caterpillars and budworms pose a significant threat to moringa. The management of these pests primarily relies on repeated application of persistent chemical insecticides. However, to mitigate the adverse effects of these chemicals, it is imperative to explore novel eco-friendly insecticides and biorational formulations. In this study, six insecticides, Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC, Emamectin benzoate 5 SG, Indoxacarb 15.8 EC, Spinosad 45 SC, Novaluron 10 EC and Fipronil 5 SC belonging to different chemical groups and six biorationals, Neem Seed Kernel Extract (NSKE) 5%, Neem oil 1%, Azadirachtin 300 PPM, Beauveria bassiana 2 × 108 CFU/mL, Metarhizium anisopliae 2 × 108 CFU/mL, and Bacillus thuringiensis 5 × 108, were evaluated under field conditions. Spinosad 45 SC achieved the highest larval reduction for N. blitealis (86.12% over control after the second spray; p < 0.05), while Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC provided superior control of N. moringae bud infestation (75.38% reduction; p < 0.05). Among the biorationals, Azadirachtin 300 PPM exhibited the highest efficacy in reducing infestations of both N. blitealis (58.32% larval reduction over control after the second spray) and N. moringae (53.84% bud reduction). Chlorantraniliprole and Azadirachtin yielded the highest green pod production, attaining 2096 and 1421 kg/ha, respectively. These results imply that prioritizing Spinosad and Chlorantraniliprole for chemical control, alongside Azadirachtin as a biorational alternative, can minimize pesticide residues, enhance yields, and promote eco-friendly IPM strategies for moringa cultivation in tropical regions.