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<p>The pod borer, <i>Helicoverpa armigera</i> Hubner and root knot nematode, <i>Meloidogyne incognita</i> Kofold &amp; White both are polyphagous pest infesting not only legume crops but also vegetables, fiber, oilseeds and millets. Three out of 16 <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> (<i>Bt</i>) strains has recorded &gt; 95% larval mortality against <i>H. armigera</i> and probit analysis revealed that <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> strain IIPR Bt11 (F10.IIPR) as superior strain followed by IIPR Bt15 (H9T33.IIPR). The LC<sub>50</sub> value of IIPR Bt11(F10.IIPR) is 0.45 × 10<sup>6</sup> cfu/ml and in terms of protein concentration is 0.05728&#xa0;mg/ml. The presence of the <i>cry1</i>, <i>cry2</i>, <i>chi36</i> and <i>vip3A</i> genes was confirmed by PCR amplification in IIPR Bt11 (F10.IIPR). Further, SDS-PAGE protein profiling of 5 <i>Bt</i> strains also confirmed presence of <i>cry 1</i> (135&#xa0;kDa) and <i>cry2</i> (71&#xa0;kDa) genes in the IIPR Bt11 (F10.IIPR). Scanning Electron Micrograph analysis of IIPR Bt11 (F10.IIPR) also confirmed presence of bipyramidal and cuboidal crystal protein. The phylogenetic analysis of <i>chi36</i> gene of IIPR Bt11, IIPR Bt14 and IIPR Bt15 with 49 chitinase genes, revealed that 3 strains’ <i>chi36</i> genes belong to exochitinase category. Further <i>Bt</i> chitinase bioassay against <i>M. incognita</i> had shown maximum ovicidal activity in IIPR Bt15 (H9T33.IIPR) (86.67%) followed by IIPR Bt11 (F10.IIPR) (79.33%) and IIPR Bt14 (H7d.IIPR) (76.00%). The following 2 <i>Bt</i> strains viz., IIPR Bt11 (F10.IIPR) and IIPR Bt15 (H9T33.IIPR) has the potential to deploy as biopesticide for both pod borer, <i>H. armigera</i> and root knot nematode, <i>M. incognita</i> management.</p>

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Toxicity, protein profiling and PCR detection of cry, vip3A and chi36 gene in multi-trait Bacillus thuringiensis strains against Helicoverpa armigera Hubner and Meloidogyne incognita Kofold and White

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月26日

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  • V. Pavithra,
  • G. K. Sujayanand,
  • A. Chandra,
  • S. Pandey,
  • R. Jagadeeswaran,
  • V. Kumar,
  • A. K. Konda,
  • P. P. Jambhulkar

摘要

The pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera Hubner and root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita Kofold & White both are polyphagous pest infesting not only legume crops but also vegetables, fiber, oilseeds and millets. Three out of 16 Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) strains has recorded > 95% larval mortality against H. armigera and probit analysis revealed that Bacillus thuringiensis strain IIPR Bt11 (F10.IIPR) as superior strain followed by IIPR Bt15 (H9T33.IIPR). The LC50 value of IIPR Bt11(F10.IIPR) is 0.45 × 106 cfu/ml and in terms of protein concentration is 0.05728 mg/ml. The presence of the cry1, cry2, chi36 and vip3A genes was confirmed by PCR amplification in IIPR Bt11 (F10.IIPR). Further, SDS-PAGE protein profiling of 5 Bt strains also confirmed presence of cry 1 (135 kDa) and cry2 (71 kDa) genes in the IIPR Bt11 (F10.IIPR). Scanning Electron Micrograph analysis of IIPR Bt11 (F10.IIPR) also confirmed presence of bipyramidal and cuboidal crystal protein. The phylogenetic analysis of chi36 gene of IIPR Bt11, IIPR Bt14 and IIPR Bt15 with 49 chitinase genes, revealed that 3 strains’ chi36 genes belong to exochitinase category. Further Bt chitinase bioassay against M. incognita had shown maximum ovicidal activity in IIPR Bt15 (H9T33.IIPR) (86.67%) followed by IIPR Bt11 (F10.IIPR) (79.33%) and IIPR Bt14 (H7d.IIPR) (76.00%). The following 2 Bt strains viz., IIPR Bt11 (F10.IIPR) and IIPR Bt15 (H9T33.IIPR) has the potential to deploy as biopesticide for both pod borer, H. armigera and root knot nematode, M. incognita management.