Purpose <p>In cardiology, congenital diseases are the pathologies that most require pediatric surgical intervention. In Brazil, it is estimated that 23,000 surgeries occur per year for the treatment of congenital heart disease (CHD). These surgical procedures are complex and demand extensive training. This study presents a systematic literature review (SLR) on cardiac biomodels in surgical planning and training, identifying strategies for 3D printing and bioprinting in cardiac surgery.</p> Method <p>This SLR considered 54 studies published between 2014 and 2023. The criteria for selecting and evaluating the studies considered factors such as methods, conceptual models, and applications of biomodels produced by printing and bioprinting in surgical planning and training. Three research questions are proposed: (1) Current clinical applications of cardiac biomodels manufactured by 3D printing or bioprinting. (2) Additive manufacturing processes and materials for cardiac biomodels, including advantages and disadvantages. (3) Use of infant cardiac biomodels manufactured by 3D printing or bioprinting with application in teaching, training, and surgical planning.</p> Results <p>The evaluated studies suggest promising 3D printing or bioprinting or applications in surgical planning and training. Cardiac biomodels preemptively avoid invasive procedures. The cardiac biomodels available on the market proved to be very similar to a heart, providing surgeons with greater confidence in performing surgical procedures. Cardiac biomodels in medical universities facilitate practical classes.</p> Conclusions <p>This review underscores the transformative potential of 3D printing and bioprinting in cardiac biomodel applications, promising enhanced surgical precision, reduced invasiveness, and an invaluable educational impact within the intricate landscape of congenital heart disease interventions.</p>