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<p><i>Hippobroma longiflora</i>, a wild plant with pharmacological bioactivity, is a traditional medicine of great cultural value that contributes to the ethnobotanical heritage of the Balinese people in Indonesia. However, its population is limited, and its bioactivity may vary depending on habitat, highlighting the importance of ex situ conservation in appropriate locations to optimize the productivity of bioactive compounds. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the chemical profiles of <i>Hippobroma longiflora</i> across different habitats and altitudinal ranges on the island of Bali, as well as to identify optimal sites for ex situ conservation that maximize the production of bioactive compounds. Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC–MS) and the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) antioxidant assay were used to develop chemical profiles from the absolute ethanol extract of dried <i>Hippobroma longiflora</i> flower. Results of the study identified 13 metabolites, with lobeline, aromadendrin, lobelanine, and betulinic acid being the predominant bioactive compounds. Furthermore, plants cultivated in agricultural areas and at mid-altitudes (400–600&#xa0;m above sea level) showed higher extract yields and antioxidant activity compared to those from lower or higher altitudes. Multivariate analysis highlighted the role of humid, nutrient-rich environments at mid-altitudes in enhancing the production of these key bioactive metabolites This study provides a foundation for selecting ex situ conservation sites that support the sustainable use and preservation of the medicinal plant <i>Hippobroma longiflora</i> on the island of Bali.</p>

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Chemical profiling of the folk medicinal plant Hippobroma longiflora as a tool for selecting ex-situ conservation site

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月8日

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  • Hedi Indra Januar,
  • Sutomo,
  • Muhammad Hadi Saputra,
  • Nida Humaida,
  • Izhamil Hidayah,
  • Muhammad Bima Atmaja,
  • Rajif Iryadi,
  • I. Made Saka Wijaya

摘要

Hippobroma longiflora, a wild plant with pharmacological bioactivity, is a traditional medicine of great cultural value that contributes to the ethnobotanical heritage of the Balinese people in Indonesia. However, its population is limited, and its bioactivity may vary depending on habitat, highlighting the importance of ex situ conservation in appropriate locations to optimize the productivity of bioactive compounds. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the chemical profiles of Hippobroma longiflora across different habitats and altitudinal ranges on the island of Bali, as well as to identify optimal sites for ex situ conservation that maximize the production of bioactive compounds. Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC–MS) and the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) antioxidant assay were used to develop chemical profiles from the absolute ethanol extract of dried Hippobroma longiflora flower. Results of the study identified 13 metabolites, with lobeline, aromadendrin, lobelanine, and betulinic acid being the predominant bioactive compounds. Furthermore, plants cultivated in agricultural areas and at mid-altitudes (400–600 m above sea level) showed higher extract yields and antioxidant activity compared to those from lower or higher altitudes. Multivariate analysis highlighted the role of humid, nutrient-rich environments at mid-altitudes in enhancing the production of these key bioactive metabolites This study provides a foundation for selecting ex situ conservation sites that support the sustainable use and preservation of the medicinal plant Hippobroma longiflora on the island of Bali.