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<p>This study investigated the morphological, physiological, and histochemical responses of <i>Taxus wallichiana</i> Zucc., to various abiotic stresses, including heat, drought, combined heat and drought, alkaline soil, acidic soil, and waterlogging. Each stress elicited distinct morphological alterations, such as leaf scorching, curling, chlorosis, and root degradation, depending on the intensity and duration of exposure. Combined heat and drought stress caused the most severe above- and below-ground damage, while acidic and alkaline stresses led to significant discoloration and cellular degeneration. Fresh and dry biomass of leaves and roots declined markedly under stress, with the most pronounced reduction in leaf fresh weight (up to 60%) under combined heat and drought conditions. Relative water content and membrane stability index also decreased significantly, particularly under combined heat and drought (61.9%) and alkaline stress (56.2%), indicating impaired water balance and membrane integrity. Chlorophyll content and photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/Fm, Y(II), ETR) declined sharply under heat stress, followed by combined stress, demonstrating strong inhibition of photosystem II. Histochemical staining revealed extensive cell membrane damage and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide) in stressed leaves. Overall, <i>T. wallichiana</i> exhibited stress-specific morphological and physiological responses, with combined heat and drought stress being the most detrimental. These findings highlight the species’ sensitivity to multiple abiotic stress factors and provide a physiological basis for future conservation and stress-mitigation strategies.</p>

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Abiotic stress-driven morpho-physiological adaptations in Taxus Wallichiana Zucc. (Himalayan Yew): insights from an endangered Eastern Himalayan plant species

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月16日

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  • Sankar Som,
  • Dip Kr. Bhattacharjya,
  • Bhaben Tanti

摘要

This study investigated the morphological, physiological, and histochemical responses of Taxus wallichiana Zucc., to various abiotic stresses, including heat, drought, combined heat and drought, alkaline soil, acidic soil, and waterlogging. Each stress elicited distinct morphological alterations, such as leaf scorching, curling, chlorosis, and root degradation, depending on the intensity and duration of exposure. Combined heat and drought stress caused the most severe above- and below-ground damage, while acidic and alkaline stresses led to significant discoloration and cellular degeneration. Fresh and dry biomass of leaves and roots declined markedly under stress, with the most pronounced reduction in leaf fresh weight (up to 60%) under combined heat and drought conditions. Relative water content and membrane stability index also decreased significantly, particularly under combined heat and drought (61.9%) and alkaline stress (56.2%), indicating impaired water balance and membrane integrity. Chlorophyll content and photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/Fm, Y(II), ETR) declined sharply under heat stress, followed by combined stress, demonstrating strong inhibition of photosystem II. Histochemical staining revealed extensive cell membrane damage and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide) in stressed leaves. Overall, T. wallichiana exhibited stress-specific morphological and physiological responses, with combined heat and drought stress being the most detrimental. These findings highlight the species’ sensitivity to multiple abiotic stress factors and provide a physiological basis for future conservation and stress-mitigation strategies.