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<p>Niger is an important oil seed crop and its production is significantly affected by water deficit. Precise physiological introspection of drought response in Niger accessions are an important step in the crop breeding program. A pot experiment was performed to assess drought responses in 30 indigenous Niger accessions from the Koraput region of the Eastern Ghats, alongside three improved varieties. Growth and physiological characteristics, including root length (RL), shoot length (SL), relative water content (RWC), plant biomass (PBM), drought tolerance index (DTI), PSII activity, and SPAD index, were assessed under simulated drought stress through the halting of irrigation. A substantial decrease in plant biomass, RWC, SPAD index, and PSII activity was noted during drought stress. The first two axes of PCA accounted for 39.9% of the overall variation in the examined characteristics, revealing significant variability in drought responses among the genotypes. The attributes SPAD index, RWC, PBM, DTI and ETR are recognised as the primary determinants of variability among Niger accessions and are of significant interest for selection. According to drought tolerance rankings, three Niger accessions-Dayanidhiguda, Manahar, and Sungar-exhibited a superior drought tolerance index compared to the tolerant check variety Deomali and shown a greater adaptive response to drought. These identified drought-tolerant Niger accessions from this location are suitable for cultivation in drought-prone areas and beneficial for future breeding initiatives.</p>

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Differential drought tolerance responses in Indigenous Niger (Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass.) accessions from Eastern Ghats of India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月27日

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  • Debabrata Panda,
  • Suraj K. Padhi,
  • Lusi Biswal

摘要

Niger is an important oil seed crop and its production is significantly affected by water deficit. Precise physiological introspection of drought response in Niger accessions are an important step in the crop breeding program. A pot experiment was performed to assess drought responses in 30 indigenous Niger accessions from the Koraput region of the Eastern Ghats, alongside three improved varieties. Growth and physiological characteristics, including root length (RL), shoot length (SL), relative water content (RWC), plant biomass (PBM), drought tolerance index (DTI), PSII activity, and SPAD index, were assessed under simulated drought stress through the halting of irrigation. A substantial decrease in plant biomass, RWC, SPAD index, and PSII activity was noted during drought stress. The first two axes of PCA accounted for 39.9% of the overall variation in the examined characteristics, revealing significant variability in drought responses among the genotypes. The attributes SPAD index, RWC, PBM, DTI and ETR are recognised as the primary determinants of variability among Niger accessions and are of significant interest for selection. According to drought tolerance rankings, three Niger accessions-Dayanidhiguda, Manahar, and Sungar-exhibited a superior drought tolerance index compared to the tolerant check variety Deomali and shown a greater adaptive response to drought. These identified drought-tolerant Niger accessions from this location are suitable for cultivation in drought-prone areas and beneficial for future breeding initiatives.