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<p>Wet scrubbers exhibited limited inefficiency in eliminating odorous gas streams from the emissions of the drying process at the rubber processing plant Consequently, this causes odour disturbance to the area surrounding the plant. The gas stream contained a diverse range of odorous volatile organic compounds (VOCs), with varying miscibility in water, which is a critical characteristic for ensuring removal effectiveness in a wet scrubber. The objective of the study was to investigate the potential of activated carbon (AC) as a secondary treatment that targets the removal of poorly water-soluble VOCs as well as their adsorption behaviour in AC to improve the overall odour removal efficiency. The experiment was carried out at a laboratory scale using glass tubes packed with virgin AC as the adsorption column. The study was performed on two types of AC materials, namely, coconut shell and palm kernel shell. The ACs were characterised by pH, Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) analysis and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). A gas mixture consisting of eight VOCs present in rubber emissions was passed through the column. The adsorption was investigated using a breakthrough analysis, which is reflective of the adsorbent performance in a multi-component system. It was found that coconut-based AC demonstrated higher adsorption capacity and longer breakthrough time compared to the palm kernel-based AC. The boiling point of the VOCs was found to be the primary factor that influences the adsorption behaviour, whereas polarity and molecular structure were secondary factors. Adsorption competition has been observed where higher boiling-point VOCs have a stronger affinity with the AC and displace the weaker adsorbed lower boiling-point VOCs. The presence of high relative humidity (&gt; 70%) was found to greatly shorten the breakthrough times and adversely affect the AC adsorption performance. Consequently, AC has the potential to be employed at the polishing stage after the wet scrubber by focusing on the removal of poorly water-soluble and high-boiling-point VOCs but in low humidity conditions to improve the odour removal from the drying process at the rubber processing plant.</p>

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Improvement of odour removal at rubber processing plants using activated carbon adsorption

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月4日

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  • Nur Fadhilah Idris,
  • Nhat Le-Minh,
  • Richard M Stuetz

摘要

Wet scrubbers exhibited limited inefficiency in eliminating odorous gas streams from the emissions of the drying process at the rubber processing plant Consequently, this causes odour disturbance to the area surrounding the plant. The gas stream contained a diverse range of odorous volatile organic compounds (VOCs), with varying miscibility in water, which is a critical characteristic for ensuring removal effectiveness in a wet scrubber. The objective of the study was to investigate the potential of activated carbon (AC) as a secondary treatment that targets the removal of poorly water-soluble VOCs as well as their adsorption behaviour in AC to improve the overall odour removal efficiency. The experiment was carried out at a laboratory scale using glass tubes packed with virgin AC as the adsorption column. The study was performed on two types of AC materials, namely, coconut shell and palm kernel shell. The ACs were characterised by pH, Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) analysis and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). A gas mixture consisting of eight VOCs present in rubber emissions was passed through the column. The adsorption was investigated using a breakthrough analysis, which is reflective of the adsorbent performance in a multi-component system. It was found that coconut-based AC demonstrated higher adsorption capacity and longer breakthrough time compared to the palm kernel-based AC. The boiling point of the VOCs was found to be the primary factor that influences the adsorption behaviour, whereas polarity and molecular structure were secondary factors. Adsorption competition has been observed where higher boiling-point VOCs have a stronger affinity with the AC and displace the weaker adsorbed lower boiling-point VOCs. The presence of high relative humidity (> 70%) was found to greatly shorten the breakthrough times and adversely affect the AC adsorption performance. Consequently, AC has the potential to be employed at the polishing stage after the wet scrubber by focusing on the removal of poorly water-soluble and high-boiling-point VOCs but in low humidity conditions to improve the odour removal from the drying process at the rubber processing plant.