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<p>To better understand the quantitative relationships between surface movement and its influencing factors under the conditions of a thick unconsolidated soil layer and thin bedrock, a random granular medium movement model was established on the basis of the basic theory of the probability integral method. With the use of fully automatic GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) real-time surface subsidence monitoring technology, the maximum surface subsidence after working face mining, deviation of the inflection point, horizontal movement value and practical value of the main influencing angle were measured. Through comprehensive calculation and analysis, we established five predictive models for surface subsidence, inclination, curvature, horizontal movement and horizontal deformation of the main strike cross section. After simulating 32 scenarios with UDEC software, we analyzed and quantified the influences of four factors (the thickness of the unconsolidated soil layer, length of the working face, strength of extension and cohesive force) on surface subsidence and the subsidence factor. In addition, under the simulation conditions, an orthogonal experiment was performed to explore the effects of the four factors on the maximum surface subsidence value, which revealed the following order of their degree of influence: thickness of the unconsolidated layer &gt; extension strength &gt; cohesive force &gt; length of the working face. Ultimately, after verifying the established predictive models and quantitative equations via similar simulation experiments, the calculated deviation between the practical and predictive models was 5.95%, and the average deviation of the results for the influencing factors was 9.72%. These results could facilitate the prevention of surface damage in other coal mines with similar patterns and geological conditions.</p>

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Analysis of the Surface Movement Pattern and Factors Influencing Coal Seams After Mining Under the Conditions of a Thick Unconsolidated Soil Layer and Thin Bedrock

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月15日

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  • Haoyi Chen,
  • Tie Li,
  • Zhiheng Cheng,
  • Kai Guo,
  • Hongbing Wang,
  • Liang Chen,
  • Xin Luo

摘要

To better understand the quantitative relationships between surface movement and its influencing factors under the conditions of a thick unconsolidated soil layer and thin bedrock, a random granular medium movement model was established on the basis of the basic theory of the probability integral method. With the use of fully automatic GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) real-time surface subsidence monitoring technology, the maximum surface subsidence after working face mining, deviation of the inflection point, horizontal movement value and practical value of the main influencing angle were measured. Through comprehensive calculation and analysis, we established five predictive models for surface subsidence, inclination, curvature, horizontal movement and horizontal deformation of the main strike cross section. After simulating 32 scenarios with UDEC software, we analyzed and quantified the influences of four factors (the thickness of the unconsolidated soil layer, length of the working face, strength of extension and cohesive force) on surface subsidence and the subsidence factor. In addition, under the simulation conditions, an orthogonal experiment was performed to explore the effects of the four factors on the maximum surface subsidence value, which revealed the following order of their degree of influence: thickness of the unconsolidated layer > extension strength > cohesive force > length of the working face. Ultimately, after verifying the established predictive models and quantitative equations via similar simulation experiments, the calculated deviation between the practical and predictive models was 5.95%, and the average deviation of the results for the influencing factors was 9.72%. These results could facilitate the prevention of surface damage in other coal mines with similar patterns and geological conditions.