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<p>This study investigates the recovery of copper powder from copper-containing wastewater originating from various metallurgical processes, such as etching solutions and wastewater from the galvanotechnique industry, using a laboratory-scale rotating cylinder electrode (RCE) system. Experiments conducted in two RCE configurations (Cell-20 and Cell-60) demonstrated that copper powder can be efficiently recovered across a wide Cu²⁺ concentration range (0.5–25&#xa0;gL⁻¹), achieving high current efficiencies (90–97%) and low specific energy consumption (1.57–1.88 kWh kg⁻¹), with negligible hydrogen evolution. Systematic variation of current density, cathode rotation speed, and electrolyte concentration confirmed the strong performance of the RCE system even under highly dilute conditions. Morphological analysis revealed that the current density, rotation speed, and the initial and evolving Cu²⁺ concentration governed the resulting particle structures. Under different electrolysis regimes, these parameters led to the formation of pine-like dendrites, branched dendrites composed of corncob-like elements, cauliflower-type structures, and spherical Cu agglomerates.</p>

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Recovery of Copper Powder with High Efficiency from Wastewater using a Rotating Cylinder Electrode (RCE): Electrochemical and Morphological Analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月3日

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  • Gökçe Hapçı Ağaoğlu

摘要

This study investigates the recovery of copper powder from copper-containing wastewater originating from various metallurgical processes, such as etching solutions and wastewater from the galvanotechnique industry, using a laboratory-scale rotating cylinder electrode (RCE) system. Experiments conducted in two RCE configurations (Cell-20 and Cell-60) demonstrated that copper powder can be efficiently recovered across a wide Cu²⁺ concentration range (0.5–25 gL⁻¹), achieving high current efficiencies (90–97%) and low specific energy consumption (1.57–1.88 kWh kg⁻¹), with negligible hydrogen evolution. Systematic variation of current density, cathode rotation speed, and electrolyte concentration confirmed the strong performance of the RCE system even under highly dilute conditions. Morphological analysis revealed that the current density, rotation speed, and the initial and evolving Cu²⁺ concentration governed the resulting particle structures. Under different electrolysis regimes, these parameters led to the formation of pine-like dendrites, branched dendrites composed of corncob-like elements, cauliflower-type structures, and spherical Cu agglomerates.