<p>A low-grade molybdenum-uranium ore is characterized by its fine disseminated mineral size, severe sliming, and low recovery rate, and it is difficult to extract valuable uranium and molybdenum. This study investigates the pretreatment of low-grade molybdenum-uranium ore using wet mechanical activation, followed by sulfuric acid leaching for metal extraction. The effects of mechanical activation time, oxidant dosage, and activation pH on leaching efficiency were systematically examined. The results show that mechanical activation significantly enhances molybdenum recovery while having a limited effect on uranium extraction. Following activation, the acid leaching process was optimized, and the leaching kinetics were analyzed. Under optimal conditions, the leaching efficiencies of molybdenum and uranium reached 99% and 72%, respectively. Kinetic analysis suggests that molybdenum leaching follows an internal diffusion-controlled mechanism. Finally, The characterization of the ore was investigated using SEM, FTIR, and TG-DSC. The results reveal that mechanical activation not only reduces particle size but also modifies surface structures, facilitating the oxidation of sulfide minerals and substantially improving molybdenum extraction efficiency. The study developed an economically efficient method for extracting metals from low-grade molybdenum-uranium ore.</p>