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<p>The present work explores the simultaneous mass and heat transfer occurring in the unsteady magnetohydrodynamic boundary-layer flow of a Jeffrey nanofluid across a stretching surface, while accounting for the influence of Stefan blowing. The model accounts for viscoelastic behavior through the Jeffrey fluid constitutive equation and includes thermal radiation, chemical reactions, internal heat generation or absorption, and cross-diffusion phenomena. Radiative heat transfer is modeled through the Rosseland diffusion approximation, while Buongiorno’s nanofluid model is applied to capture nanoparticle transport driven by Brownian diffusion and thermophoresis. The governing unsteady partial differential equations are transformed into a system of strongly nonlinear ordinary differential equations using suitable similarity transformations, which are then solved under physically relevant boundary conditions. The boundary-value problem obtained is solved numerically by employing the bvp4c solver in MATLAB. The results indicate that both thermal radiation and internal heat generation substantially enhance the temperature distribution, whereas the viscoelastic memory characteristics exert a notable influence on the momentum boundary layer. In addition, thermophoresis and Brownian motion play a dominant role in regulating heat transfer and nanoparticle concentration. The findings demonstrate that viscoelasticity, Stefan blowing, and cross-diffusion effects expressively regulate momentum, thermal, and concentration boundary layers. These outcomes provide boosted insight for controlling heat and mass transport in energy systems, polymer manufacturing, and biomedical applications involving nanofluids.</p>

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Coupled transport phenomena in an unsteady magnetohydrodynamic Jeffrey nanofluid with Stefan blowing and cross diffusion

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月7日

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  • M. Eswara Rao,
  • Ali Alkhafaji,
  • R. Manjula,
  • K. Prabhavathi,
  • Ponugoti Rajesh Kumar,
  • Tadesse Walelign,
  • Muhammad Jawad

摘要

The present work explores the simultaneous mass and heat transfer occurring in the unsteady magnetohydrodynamic boundary-layer flow of a Jeffrey nanofluid across a stretching surface, while accounting for the influence of Stefan blowing. The model accounts for viscoelastic behavior through the Jeffrey fluid constitutive equation and includes thermal radiation, chemical reactions, internal heat generation or absorption, and cross-diffusion phenomena. Radiative heat transfer is modeled through the Rosseland diffusion approximation, while Buongiorno’s nanofluid model is applied to capture nanoparticle transport driven by Brownian diffusion and thermophoresis. The governing unsteady partial differential equations are transformed into a system of strongly nonlinear ordinary differential equations using suitable similarity transformations, which are then solved under physically relevant boundary conditions. The boundary-value problem obtained is solved numerically by employing the bvp4c solver in MATLAB. The results indicate that both thermal radiation and internal heat generation substantially enhance the temperature distribution, whereas the viscoelastic memory characteristics exert a notable influence on the momentum boundary layer. In addition, thermophoresis and Brownian motion play a dominant role in regulating heat transfer and nanoparticle concentration. The findings demonstrate that viscoelasticity, Stefan blowing, and cross-diffusion effects expressively regulate momentum, thermal, and concentration boundary layers. These outcomes provide boosted insight for controlling heat and mass transport in energy systems, polymer manufacturing, and biomedical applications involving nanofluids.