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<p>In this study, bioactive glass (BG) with varying concentration of chemical constituents was synthesized via sol-gel process and investigated by comparing before and after immersion in buffered saline solution with a combination of XRD, SEM, and FTIR, alongside pH, and Ca/P analysis. By immersion, value of pH increase from 8.8 to 10.2, which enhanced the precipitation of mineral layers. Rapid ion exchange and increased alkalinity (pH ~ 9.9) were observed for low-silica compositions (less than 50 wt%), causing the development of disordered Ca-rich phases. The newly formed surface confirms a 1.64 Ca/P ratio in BG3 (55 wt% SiO<sub>2</sub>) compositions by EDS analysis, matching the stoichiometry of natural bone mineral. XRD analysis reveals a significant increase in mineral density, which is confirms by peak intensities at 45.68° that increases by 80% between 14 and 28 days of immersion. These outcomes demonstrate that a larnite-rich environment and controlled silica content (up to 75 wt%) effectively regulate ion exchange. These findings highlight a well-defined framework to optimize glass-ceramic composite for bone tissue engineering.</p>

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The significant impact of the change in the chemistry of bioactive glass on structural morphology in buffered saline solution

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月17日

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  • Mahesh Malpani,
  • Saikat Chattopadhyay,
  • R. D. K. Misra,
  • Kamakhya Prakash Misra

摘要

In this study, bioactive glass (BG) with varying concentration of chemical constituents was synthesized via sol-gel process and investigated by comparing before and after immersion in buffered saline solution with a combination of XRD, SEM, and FTIR, alongside pH, and Ca/P analysis. By immersion, value of pH increase from 8.8 to 10.2, which enhanced the precipitation of mineral layers. Rapid ion exchange and increased alkalinity (pH ~ 9.9) were observed for low-silica compositions (less than 50 wt%), causing the development of disordered Ca-rich phases. The newly formed surface confirms a 1.64 Ca/P ratio in BG3 (55 wt% SiO2) compositions by EDS analysis, matching the stoichiometry of natural bone mineral. XRD analysis reveals a significant increase in mineral density, which is confirms by peak intensities at 45.68° that increases by 80% between 14 and 28 days of immersion. These outcomes demonstrate that a larnite-rich environment and controlled silica content (up to 75 wt%) effectively regulate ion exchange. These findings highlight a well-defined framework to optimize glass-ceramic composite for bone tissue engineering.