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<p>This study investigates the in silico functional characterization of hypothetical proteins (HPs) from <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i> strain VP-32, focusing on their roles in virulence, biotechnological potential, and environmental adaptation. HPs constitute 7.8% of the genome of this marine pathogen associated with human gastroenteritis and AHPND in shrimp. A total of 18,403 proteins were initially identified, including 1,439 hypothetical proteins, of which 106 were selected for further analysis based on consistent predictions from at least three bioinformatics tools. In our study, proteins such as metalloproteases, biotin carboxylase, crotonase, and multidrug transporters were predicted to have significant biotechnological applications, including biofuel production, proteolysis, antimicrobial strategies, drug resistance targeting, and metabolic engineering. In addition, the identification of proteins predicted to be associated with adaptation to extreme conditions, such as cytochrome c maturation protein CcmE, tetratricopeptide repeat proteins, and lipoproteins, suggests that they may contribute to bacterial resilience by potentially supporting electron transport, anaerobic respiration, energy metabolism, stress tolerance, membrane stability, antioxidant defense, and protein quality control. Notably, genes associated with virulence factors including adherence, motility, exotoxins, and immune modulation were predicted, suggesting their potential roles in host colonization, immune evasion, tissue damage, nutrient acquisition, and persistence, thereby enhancing the understanding of the bacterium’s pathogenic mechanisms. The findings underscore the utility of computational approaches in assigning putative functions to HPs and provide a basis for future experimental validation and potential applications in disease control and biotechnology. However, these findings are based solely on computational predictions and may not fully reflect true biological functions. Therefore, experimental validation and in vivo studies are required to confirm the proposed functional roles. Furthermore, this study provides a foundational step towards a comprehensive understanding and exploitation of HPs in <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i>, potentially informing future research on biotechnological solutions for aquaculture and public health.</p>

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In Silico functional annotation of hypothetical proteins from Vibrio parahaemolyticus strain VP-32 reveals virulence factors, environmental adaptations and biotechnological potentials

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月4日

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  • Md Imtiaz Ahamed,
  • Sadia Islam Mim,
  • Sarower Mahfuj,
  • Mariom,
  • Md. Sakhawat Hossain,
  • Most. Mahbuba Islam Emu

摘要

This study investigates the in silico functional characterization of hypothetical proteins (HPs) from Vibrio parahaemolyticus strain VP-32, focusing on their roles in virulence, biotechnological potential, and environmental adaptation. HPs constitute 7.8% of the genome of this marine pathogen associated with human gastroenteritis and AHPND in shrimp. A total of 18,403 proteins were initially identified, including 1,439 hypothetical proteins, of which 106 were selected for further analysis based on consistent predictions from at least three bioinformatics tools. In our study, proteins such as metalloproteases, biotin carboxylase, crotonase, and multidrug transporters were predicted to have significant biotechnological applications, including biofuel production, proteolysis, antimicrobial strategies, drug resistance targeting, and metabolic engineering. In addition, the identification of proteins predicted to be associated with adaptation to extreme conditions, such as cytochrome c maturation protein CcmE, tetratricopeptide repeat proteins, and lipoproteins, suggests that they may contribute to bacterial resilience by potentially supporting electron transport, anaerobic respiration, energy metabolism, stress tolerance, membrane stability, antioxidant defense, and protein quality control. Notably, genes associated with virulence factors including adherence, motility, exotoxins, and immune modulation were predicted, suggesting their potential roles in host colonization, immune evasion, tissue damage, nutrient acquisition, and persistence, thereby enhancing the understanding of the bacterium’s pathogenic mechanisms. The findings underscore the utility of computational approaches in assigning putative functions to HPs and provide a basis for future experimental validation and potential applications in disease control and biotechnology. However, these findings are based solely on computational predictions and may not fully reflect true biological functions. Therefore, experimental validation and in vivo studies are required to confirm the proposed functional roles. Furthermore, this study provides a foundational step towards a comprehensive understanding and exploitation of HPs in V. parahaemolyticus, potentially informing future research on biotechnological solutions for aquaculture and public health.