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<p>Integrated watershed management (IWM) is widely promoted in Ethiopia to reduce land degradation and improve livelihoods, yet micro-watershed evidence on adoption patterns and socio-ecological outcomes is limited. This study assessed IWM adoption and perceived socio-ecological impacts in the Gelda micro-watershed, Lake Tana Basin, using a mixed-methods approach: a survey of 316 households (151 IWM participants, 165 non-participants), six focus group discussions, twelve key informant interviews, and field observations. Adoption was measured across physical, biological, and agronomic practices, and perceived ecological, economic, and social benefits were quantified using a standardized perception index. MANOVA and Probit regression evaluated differences in perception and determinants of adoption. Results show that 46% of participants implemented fully integrated IWM measures, whereas none of the non-participants adopted all three; agronomic measures dominated among non-participants (50%). Adoption increased with slope position (upper 34%, middle 45.3%, lower 58.3%). MANOVA revealed a significant effect of participation on combined perception indices (Pillai’s Trace = 0.934, F = 1470.11, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), with participants reporting higher overall perception scores (72.1% vs. 40%) and greater ecological (77.5% vs. 52.7%), economic (68.5% vs. 54.7%), and social (70.7% vs. 52.8%) benefits. Probit regression showed that training (<i>p</i> = 0.028) and extension contact (<i>p</i> = 0.003) significantly increased perception and adoption, while labor constraints and weak institutional support reduced adoption among non-participants. These findings indicate that sustained IWM success depends on topography-specific practices, community participation, continuous technical support, and linking conservation measures to livelihood incentives such as hand tools, seedlings, and grass planting materials.</p>

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Adoption of integrated watershed management and socio ecological implications in Gelda micro watershed lake tana basin Ethiopia

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月23日

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  • Hellen Messel Nega,
  • Mehretie Belay Ferede,
  • Mintesinot Azene Taye

摘要

Integrated watershed management (IWM) is widely promoted in Ethiopia to reduce land degradation and improve livelihoods, yet micro-watershed evidence on adoption patterns and socio-ecological outcomes is limited. This study assessed IWM adoption and perceived socio-ecological impacts in the Gelda micro-watershed, Lake Tana Basin, using a mixed-methods approach: a survey of 316 households (151 IWM participants, 165 non-participants), six focus group discussions, twelve key informant interviews, and field observations. Adoption was measured across physical, biological, and agronomic practices, and perceived ecological, economic, and social benefits were quantified using a standardized perception index. MANOVA and Probit regression evaluated differences in perception and determinants of adoption. Results show that 46% of participants implemented fully integrated IWM measures, whereas none of the non-participants adopted all three; agronomic measures dominated among non-participants (50%). Adoption increased with slope position (upper 34%, middle 45.3%, lower 58.3%). MANOVA revealed a significant effect of participation on combined perception indices (Pillai’s Trace = 0.934, F = 1470.11, p < 0.001), with participants reporting higher overall perception scores (72.1% vs. 40%) and greater ecological (77.5% vs. 52.7%), economic (68.5% vs. 54.7%), and social (70.7% vs. 52.8%) benefits. Probit regression showed that training (p = 0.028) and extension contact (p = 0.003) significantly increased perception and adoption, while labor constraints and weak institutional support reduced adoption among non-participants. These findings indicate that sustained IWM success depends on topography-specific practices, community participation, continuous technical support, and linking conservation measures to livelihood incentives such as hand tools, seedlings, and grass planting materials.