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<p>This study investigates the correlation between ionic mobility and luminescent stability in solution-processed double-layer p–i–n <i>organic light-emitting diode</i> (OLED) architectures. Unlike previous works that emphasized carrier balance through simultaneous annealing, this research focuses on the time-dependent ionic redistribution and its influence on the electro-luminescent degradation behavior. The device structure comprises a photo-crosslinkable <i>hole-transport layer</i> (HTL) and an <i>emissive layer</i> (EML) doped with ionic salts, fabricated via spin-coating under inert atmosphere. Systematic variation of ionic concentration and post-deposition bias-thermal treatment was conducted to analyze ionic mobility using transient current response and impedance spectroscopy. Results show that higher ionic mobility (≈ 10<sup>−7</sup>&#xa0;cm<sup>2</sup>/V&#xa0;s) promotes faster interfacial charge equilibration but accelerates luminance decay due to ion-induced dipolar reorganization within the emissive zone. Conversely, moderate ion mobility enhances charge balance and suppresses exciton quenching, maintaining over 85% of initial luminance after 100&#xa0;h operation at 37,700&#xa0;cd/m<sup>2</sup>. The correlation analysis reveals that luminescent stability scales inversely with ionic drift rate, suggesting a critical ionic diffusion threshold for stable electroluminescence. These findings provide new insights into the dynamic interplay between ionic transport and operational stability in solution-processable p–i–n OLEDs, offering a route toward high-efficiency and long-lifetime organic optoelectronic devices.</p>

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Correlation between ionic mobility and luminescent stability in double-layer p–i–n OLED architectures

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月29日

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  • Soni Prayogi

摘要

This study investigates the correlation between ionic mobility and luminescent stability in solution-processed double-layer p–i–n organic light-emitting diode (OLED) architectures. Unlike previous works that emphasized carrier balance through simultaneous annealing, this research focuses on the time-dependent ionic redistribution and its influence on the electro-luminescent degradation behavior. The device structure comprises a photo-crosslinkable hole-transport layer (HTL) and an emissive layer (EML) doped with ionic salts, fabricated via spin-coating under inert atmosphere. Systematic variation of ionic concentration and post-deposition bias-thermal treatment was conducted to analyze ionic mobility using transient current response and impedance spectroscopy. Results show that higher ionic mobility (≈ 10−7 cm2/V s) promotes faster interfacial charge equilibration but accelerates luminance decay due to ion-induced dipolar reorganization within the emissive zone. Conversely, moderate ion mobility enhances charge balance and suppresses exciton quenching, maintaining over 85% of initial luminance after 100 h operation at 37,700 cd/m2. The correlation analysis reveals that luminescent stability scales inversely with ionic drift rate, suggesting a critical ionic diffusion threshold for stable electroluminescence. These findings provide new insights into the dynamic interplay between ionic transport and operational stability in solution-processable p–i–n OLEDs, offering a route toward high-efficiency and long-lifetime organic optoelectronic devices.