Potential of edible flowers of the Asian region as functional ingredients: a review
摘要
Edible flowers have been a staple in traditional Asian diets, offering aesthetic appeal and significant health benefits due to their rich bioactive properties. With increasing consumer interest, edible flowers are emerging as potential ingredients for food fortification and nutraceutical applications. This paper highlights the integral role of edible flowers in traditional food cultures in Asia, especially in India, Thailand, Japan and China. The global market for edible flowers is expanding at an unprecedented rate, driven by consumer demand for natural, aesthetically pleasing, and health-promoting ingredients. The nutritional composition of edible flowers reveals a wide array of bioactives, including flavonoids, phenolics, and antioxidants, which significantly contribute to their associated health benefits. These compounds are associated with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties, positioning edible flowers as a flavorful enhancement and an essential component of functional foods that promote overall health. Moreover, the growing trend toward incorporating edible flowers into diets and sustainable food practices has catalyzed innovation in the application of edible flowers in several products, ranging from beverages to desserts. This review offers a thorough overview of the potential of edible flowers in the Asian region as functional ingredients. By examining their production, consumer attitudes, traditional uses, and bioactive properties, this paper highlights the opportunities for integrating edible flowers while promoting health and sustainability.