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<p>This investigation advances kesterite photovoltaic technology through optimized Cu₂ZnSnS₄ (CZTS) absorber design, capitalizing on its earth-abundant and eco-friendly characteristics. Although CZTS devices with CdS buffers are currently limited to a certified efficiency of 13.44% (well below the standards of CIGS/CdTe), we demonstrate that integrating a FeS<sub>2</sub> back surface field offers a promising alternative pathway for enhancing efficiency. Our spray pyrolysis synthesis yields uniform CZTS nanostructures, with gamma irradiation studies revealing dose-dependent modifications. Numerical simulations using Silvaco TCAD confirmed notable performance improvements in the engineered Al/ARC/FTO/ZnO/CZTS/FeS₂/Mo architecture, achieving a short-circuit current density (J<sub>sc</sub>) of 17.70&#xa0;mA/cm², open-circuit voltage (V<sub>oc</sub>) of 1.20&#xa0;V, fill factor (FF) of 85.32%, and overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.06%. These findings establish a new paradigm for high-efficiency, sustainable thin-film photovoltaics.</p>

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Initial study on performance enhancement of using FeS2 back surface field and antireflective layers in CZTS solar cells

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月11日

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  • Anis Akkari,
  • Badriyah Alhalaili,
  • Olfa Kamoun,
  • Haikel Jelassi,
  • Ruxandra Vidu,
  • Najoua Turki-Kamoun

摘要

This investigation advances kesterite photovoltaic technology through optimized Cu₂ZnSnS₄ (CZTS) absorber design, capitalizing on its earth-abundant and eco-friendly characteristics. Although CZTS devices with CdS buffers are currently limited to a certified efficiency of 13.44% (well below the standards of CIGS/CdTe), we demonstrate that integrating a FeS2 back surface field offers a promising alternative pathway for enhancing efficiency. Our spray pyrolysis synthesis yields uniform CZTS nanostructures, with gamma irradiation studies revealing dose-dependent modifications. Numerical simulations using Silvaco TCAD confirmed notable performance improvements in the engineered Al/ARC/FTO/ZnO/CZTS/FeS₂/Mo architecture, achieving a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 17.70 mA/cm², open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.20 V, fill factor (FF) of 85.32%, and overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.06%. These findings establish a new paradigm for high-efficiency, sustainable thin-film photovoltaics.