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<p>Male infertility has become a growing concern in recent years, with various modifiable environmental pollutants and environmentally transmitted parasites (ETPs) playing a significant role in its development. Sperm quality is directly influenced by external factors, which ultimately impact male reproductive health. This review examines the effects of specific environmental pollutants and ETPs on male infertility. Key environmental contributors include air pollution, pesticides, harmful chemicals, excessive heat, and radiation, while parasitic infections further exacerbate the problem. These factors have been shown to reduce sperm concentration, total sperm count, motility, and viability, while also increasing abnormal sperm morphology and sperm DNA fragmentation. Collectively, these changes impair male fertility, leading to an increased risk of infertility. Despite their detrimental effects, these environmental risk factors are modifiable and reversible. Implementing lifestyle modifications, reducing exposure to environmental pollutants, and improving public health interventions can help mitigate their impact. This highlights the importance of awareness, preventive measures, and potential therapeutic strategies to preserve and enhance male fertility.</p>

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Impacts of environmental pollutants and environmentally transmitted parasites on male fertility and sperm quality

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月21日

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  • Hend Abd El-Halim Mansour,
  • Al- Shaimaa Mohsen Sadek

摘要

Male infertility has become a growing concern in recent years, with various modifiable environmental pollutants and environmentally transmitted parasites (ETPs) playing a significant role in its development. Sperm quality is directly influenced by external factors, which ultimately impact male reproductive health. This review examines the effects of specific environmental pollutants and ETPs on male infertility. Key environmental contributors include air pollution, pesticides, harmful chemicals, excessive heat, and radiation, while parasitic infections further exacerbate the problem. These factors have been shown to reduce sperm concentration, total sperm count, motility, and viability, while also increasing abnormal sperm morphology and sperm DNA fragmentation. Collectively, these changes impair male fertility, leading to an increased risk of infertility. Despite their detrimental effects, these environmental risk factors are modifiable and reversible. Implementing lifestyle modifications, reducing exposure to environmental pollutants, and improving public health interventions can help mitigate their impact. This highlights the importance of awareness, preventive measures, and potential therapeutic strategies to preserve and enhance male fertility.