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<p>This study explores the synthesis, characterization, and bio-functional potential of carbon dots (CDs) derived from <i>Amaranthus tricolor</i> (AT-CDs). Phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of bioactive compounds while quantitative assays revealed a TPC of 157.2 ± 8&#xa0;mg TAE/g extract and TFC of 457.4 ± 38&#xa0;mg quercetin/g extract. AT-CDs exhibited a characteristic UV–Vis absorption peak at 317&#xa0;nm, with fluorescence spectra showing excitation-dependent emission. FTIR analysis identified presence of key functional groups like –OH, –C = O, and –CN, corroborating the bioactive surface chemistry. DLS indicated a Z-average particle size of 214.4&#xa0;nm, while zeta potential measurements (67.7&#xa0;mV) confirmed high colloidal stability. TEM analysis revealed a uniform size distribution with a mean particle size of 3.2 ± 0.02&#xa0;nm. Antioxidant assays demonstrated IC<sub>50</sub> values of 67.36&#xa0;µg&#xa0;mL<sup>−1</sup> for DPPH and 360.65&#xa0;µg&#xa0;mL<sup>−1</sup> for H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> scavenging, reflecting concentration-dependent radical neutralization. Coagulation assays showed a significant prolongation of prothrombin time (55&#xa0;s) and activated partial thromboplastin time (58&#xa0;s) at 200&#xa0;µg&#xa0;mL<sup>−1</sup>, highlighting anticoagulant potential. These findings suggest that AT-CDs, with their multifunctional properties and bioactivity, are promising candidates for biomedical applications, particularly in oxidative stress management, drug delivery, and haemostasis modulation. </p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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An evaluation of carbon dots derived from Amaranthus tricolor (L.) leaves for their physicochemical, photoluminescent, and biomedical properties

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月20日

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  • Sapam Riches Singh,
  • Santosh Mallikarjun Bhavi,
  • Bothe Thokchom,
  • Megha B. Abbigeri,
  • Akshata Choudhari Padti,
  • Akshata Yadawad,
  • B. P. Harini,
  • Chandramohan Govindasamy,
  • Khalid M. Almutairi,
  • Ramesh Babu Yarajarla

摘要

This study explores the synthesis, characterization, and bio-functional potential of carbon dots (CDs) derived from Amaranthus tricolor (AT-CDs). Phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of bioactive compounds while quantitative assays revealed a TPC of 157.2 ± 8 mg TAE/g extract and TFC of 457.4 ± 38 mg quercetin/g extract. AT-CDs exhibited a characteristic UV–Vis absorption peak at 317 nm, with fluorescence spectra showing excitation-dependent emission. FTIR analysis identified presence of key functional groups like –OH, –C = O, and –CN, corroborating the bioactive surface chemistry. DLS indicated a Z-average particle size of 214.4 nm, while zeta potential measurements (67.7 mV) confirmed high colloidal stability. TEM analysis revealed a uniform size distribution with a mean particle size of 3.2 ± 0.02 nm. Antioxidant assays demonstrated IC50 values of 67.36 µg mL−1 for DPPH and 360.65 µg mL−1 for H2O2 scavenging, reflecting concentration-dependent radical neutralization. Coagulation assays showed a significant prolongation of prothrombin time (55 s) and activated partial thromboplastin time (58 s) at 200 µg mL−1, highlighting anticoagulant potential. These findings suggest that AT-CDs, with their multifunctional properties and bioactivity, are promising candidates for biomedical applications, particularly in oxidative stress management, drug delivery, and haemostasis modulation.

Graphical abstract