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<p>This study investigates the impact of alloying elements, grain size, particle size, and spark plasma sintering (SPS) on the maximum permeability of iron-nickel nanocrystalline powders. The results show that increasing nickel content generally decreases permeability, except in the case of 50wt% Ni–Fe powder mixtures, where particle size effects dominate. Permeability is found to be grain size-dependent, with a critical grain size range of 20–30&#xa0;nm, below which single-domain grains form, leading to increased permeability. However, permeability decreases with decreasing particle size, exhibiting a stepped pattern likely due to surface defects. Notably, the 40wt% Ni–Fe SPS sample exhibits a high permeability value of 6.2 × 10^-3 emu/Oe after 32&#xa0;h of milling, with optimal grain sizes ranging from 425 to 475&#xa0;nm for 40 and 75wt% Ni–Fe SPS alloys.</p><p>Article Highlights:<UnorderedList Mark="Bullet"> <ItemContent> <p>Nickel content generally decreases permeability, except in specific Ni–Fe mixtures with dominating particle size effects.</p> </ItemContent> <ItemContent> <p>Grain size below 30&#xa0;nm boosts permeability due to the formation of single-domain grains.</p> </ItemContent> <ItemContent> <p>Optimizing grain size and sintering can significantly enhance the magnetic performance of Ni–Fe alloys.</p> </ItemContent> </UnorderedList></p>

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Optimizing magnetic permeability in iron-nickel nanocrystalline powders and spark plasma sintered materials for advanced applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月28日

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  • T. Ashokkumar,
  • A. Rajadurai,
  • A. H. Abishini,
  • A. H. Anchani,
  • Subash C. B. Gopinath

摘要

This study investigates the impact of alloying elements, grain size, particle size, and spark plasma sintering (SPS) on the maximum permeability of iron-nickel nanocrystalline powders. The results show that increasing nickel content generally decreases permeability, except in the case of 50wt% Ni–Fe powder mixtures, where particle size effects dominate. Permeability is found to be grain size-dependent, with a critical grain size range of 20–30 nm, below which single-domain grains form, leading to increased permeability. However, permeability decreases with decreasing particle size, exhibiting a stepped pattern likely due to surface defects. Notably, the 40wt% Ni–Fe SPS sample exhibits a high permeability value of 6.2 × 10^-3 emu/Oe after 32 h of milling, with optimal grain sizes ranging from 425 to 475 nm for 40 and 75wt% Ni–Fe SPS alloys.

Article Highlights:

Nickel content generally decreases permeability, except in specific Ni–Fe mixtures with dominating particle size effects.

Grain size below 30 nm boosts permeability due to the formation of single-domain grains.

Optimizing grain size and sintering can significantly enhance the magnetic performance of Ni–Fe alloys.