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<p><i>Camellia sinensis</i> and <i>Rosa damascena</i> are a rich source of antioxidants with abundant catechins acting as a radical scavenger by preventing cell damage caused by oxidants. Catechins are polyphenolic compounds especially found in plant sources responsible for cell/skin damage. Excess free radicals in the human body accelerate oxidative stress, contributing to premature skin aging and cellular degeneration. Due to their phytochemical properties, they are used as new drug for diabetes development. The combinatorial topical gel formulation of <i>Camellia sinensis</i> and <i>Rosa damascena</i> can address the aging of the skin. Synergistically, they work well in providing enhanced antioxidant defence, improved hydration, and anti-inflammatory benefits on the skin. <i>Camellia sinensis</i> and <i>Rosa damascena</i> were extracted in different solvents including ethanol (70%), methanol (70%), and aqueous solvents. Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were analyzed to determine the phenolic and flavonoid content, respectively. Polyethylene glycol-400 (PEG-400) and tween 80 act as a basic foundation for the topical gel formulation. The formulation was done with four different compositions for three different extracts of ethanol (E1-E4), methanol (M1-M4), and aqueous (A1-A4) and the formulation with good stability, spreadability, and homogeneity was considered the most effective gel formulation. The IC<sub>50</sub> values of antioxidant (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)) assay for the combined extracts of methanol, ethanol, and distilled water were 87.54, 53.24, and 36.75&#xa0;μg/mL respectively. The antidiabetic assay was performed using alpha-amylase activity exhibited IC<sub>50</sub> values of methanol, ethanol, and aqueous extracts were found to be 64, 42, and 39&#xa0;μg/mL respectively, and for alpha-glucosidase assay IC<sub>50</sub> values of methanol, ethanol and aqueous extracts were 68, 59 and 52&#xa0;μg/mL respectively. The antibacterial assessment showed a significant zone of inhibition for <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and antifungal activities of the combined extracts against <i>Candida albicans</i> had better inhibitory effects than <i>Aspergillus niger</i>. Heat-induced hemolysis was used to introspect the anti-inflammatory properties of varying concentrations of 25–100&#xa0;µg/mL with inhibitory percentages ranging from 5.5 to 31.2%. The methanolic extracts of <i>Camellia sinensis</i> and <i>Rosa damascena</i> exhibit potent antioxidants, suggesting their potential efficacy and efficiency in addressing early signs of skin damage. Provided, the methanolic extracts were found to have better anti-diabetic effects which can be further analysed for drug formulation studies.</p>

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Pharmacological profiling of Camellia sinensis and Rosa damascena extracts based gel formulation: highlighting its in vitro efficacy in diabetes management

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月10日

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  • Sujatha Elangovan,
  • Prasanna Srinivasan Ramalingam,
  • Kuriti Sowmya,
  • Sivakumar Arumugam

摘要

Camellia sinensis and Rosa damascena are a rich source of antioxidants with abundant catechins acting as a radical scavenger by preventing cell damage caused by oxidants. Catechins are polyphenolic compounds especially found in plant sources responsible for cell/skin damage. Excess free radicals in the human body accelerate oxidative stress, contributing to premature skin aging and cellular degeneration. Due to their phytochemical properties, they are used as new drug for diabetes development. The combinatorial topical gel formulation of Camellia sinensis and Rosa damascena can address the aging of the skin. Synergistically, they work well in providing enhanced antioxidant defence, improved hydration, and anti-inflammatory benefits on the skin. Camellia sinensis and Rosa damascena were extracted in different solvents including ethanol (70%), methanol (70%), and aqueous solvents. Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were analyzed to determine the phenolic and flavonoid content, respectively. Polyethylene glycol-400 (PEG-400) and tween 80 act as a basic foundation for the topical gel formulation. The formulation was done with four different compositions for three different extracts of ethanol (E1-E4), methanol (M1-M4), and aqueous (A1-A4) and the formulation with good stability, spreadability, and homogeneity was considered the most effective gel formulation. The IC50 values of antioxidant (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)) assay for the combined extracts of methanol, ethanol, and distilled water were 87.54, 53.24, and 36.75 μg/mL respectively. The antidiabetic assay was performed using alpha-amylase activity exhibited IC50 values of methanol, ethanol, and aqueous extracts were found to be 64, 42, and 39 μg/mL respectively, and for alpha-glucosidase assay IC50 values of methanol, ethanol and aqueous extracts were 68, 59 and 52 μg/mL respectively. The antibacterial assessment showed a significant zone of inhibition for Staphylococcus aureus and antifungal activities of the combined extracts against Candida albicans had better inhibitory effects than Aspergillus niger. Heat-induced hemolysis was used to introspect the anti-inflammatory properties of varying concentrations of 25–100 µg/mL with inhibitory percentages ranging from 5.5 to 31.2%. The methanolic extracts of Camellia sinensis and Rosa damascena exhibit potent antioxidants, suggesting their potential efficacy and efficiency in addressing early signs of skin damage. Provided, the methanolic extracts were found to have better anti-diabetic effects which can be further analysed for drug formulation studies.