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Background <p>Energy harvesting has emerged as a vital paradigm for sustaining autonomous wireless sensor nodes (WSNs) in industrial and aeronautical rotating environments. However, a significant challenge remains: maximizing transduction efficiency requires the harvester to maintain continuous spectral alignment with time-varying rotational frequencies. While centrifugal forces naturally increase a beam's stiffness, this intrinsic self-tuning is often insufficient to track driving frequencies across broad operational ranges, leading to severe power attenuation.</p> Methods <p>This study introduces a novel active resonance fitting methodology that overcomes this limitation by modulating the effective flexural rigidity of a cantilevered piezoelectric beam through a variable length support mechanism. Unlike conventional passive designs, this approach utilizes a manual length adjustment (spanning 0 to 12 mm) to precisely shift the baseline natural frequency, thereby complementing the centrifugal stiffening effect. A comprehensive multi-physics model was developed in COMSOL Multiphysics to simulate the dynamic tip displacement and electromechanical coupling under high-G centrifugal loads. Experimental validation, conducted using a MIDE PPA-1021 piezoelectric transducer, demonstrated that this dual-tuning strategy (manual base-tuning combined with dynamic centrifugal stiffening) allows the harvester to maintain a consistent resonant state across a frequency spectrum of 0 to 200 Hz.</p> Results <p>The numerical model exhibited high fidelity, correlating with experimental data within a 4% error margin. Major outcomes include the generation of open-circuit peak voltages of 20 V and the delivery of a regulated 11 VDC output (derived from over 40 V RMS) via a specialized signal conditioning circuit.</p> Conclusion <p>These results confirm that the proposed active fitting technique significantly extends the operational bandwidth and power density of rotating harvesters, offering a robust, self-sustaining power solution for high-speed turbomachinery, wind turbine rotors, and aerospace components.</p>

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An Innovative Manual Resonance Fitting Model to Enhance Energy Harvesting from Spinning Objects

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月16日

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  • Mohammed Hedaya,
  • Mohamed Elhadidi,
  • Taher G. Abu-Elyazied,
  • Mahmoud Z. Ibrahim

摘要

Background

Energy harvesting has emerged as a vital paradigm for sustaining autonomous wireless sensor nodes (WSNs) in industrial and aeronautical rotating environments. However, a significant challenge remains: maximizing transduction efficiency requires the harvester to maintain continuous spectral alignment with time-varying rotational frequencies. While centrifugal forces naturally increase a beam's stiffness, this intrinsic self-tuning is often insufficient to track driving frequencies across broad operational ranges, leading to severe power attenuation.

Methods

This study introduces a novel active resonance fitting methodology that overcomes this limitation by modulating the effective flexural rigidity of a cantilevered piezoelectric beam through a variable length support mechanism. Unlike conventional passive designs, this approach utilizes a manual length adjustment (spanning 0 to 12 mm) to precisely shift the baseline natural frequency, thereby complementing the centrifugal stiffening effect. A comprehensive multi-physics model was developed in COMSOL Multiphysics to simulate the dynamic tip displacement and electromechanical coupling under high-G centrifugal loads. Experimental validation, conducted using a MIDE PPA-1021 piezoelectric transducer, demonstrated that this dual-tuning strategy (manual base-tuning combined with dynamic centrifugal stiffening) allows the harvester to maintain a consistent resonant state across a frequency spectrum of 0 to 200 Hz.

Results

The numerical model exhibited high fidelity, correlating with experimental data within a 4% error margin. Major outcomes include the generation of open-circuit peak voltages of 20 V and the delivery of a regulated 11 VDC output (derived from over 40 V RMS) via a specialized signal conditioning circuit.

Conclusion

These results confirm that the proposed active fitting technique significantly extends the operational bandwidth and power density of rotating harvesters, offering a robust, self-sustaining power solution for high-speed turbomachinery, wind turbine rotors, and aerospace components.