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Purpose <p>An electromagnetic vibrational energy harvester (EMVEH) can be used to harvest energy for small&#xa0;applications. The power produced by the EMVEH is dissipated over a load resistance. However, because this is connected to a&#xa0;set of coils used to harvest the power, the load resistance has a direct influence on the EMVEH. Here we investigate this&#xa0;influence.</p> Methods <p>Using a vibrational shaker and an EMVEH we experimentally determine the voltage and power produced&#xa0;of the EMVEH as function of shaking frequency, load resistance and number of turns of the coils used in the EMVEH.</p> Results <p>We show that a resonance peak in frequency of the EMVEH disappear when large coils are used. We then find that the&#xa0;EMVEH display hysteresis when changing the load resistance from one matched to the internal series resistance of the coils to&#xa0;a higher value, making the resonance peak reappear. Utilizing this, we show that it is possible to switch from the low to the&#xa0;high energy state by shortly switching to an open circuit load and then back to the load resistance, thereby increased the&#xa0;power harvested from 0.53 mW to 1.37 mW.</p> Conclusion <p>We have show that the behavior of the EMVEH with respect to load&#xa0;resistance is highly nonlinear, to the point of being able to remove a resonance peak of the harvester. Switching load&#xa0;resistances away from the match resistance can lead to an increase in power of 160%.</p>

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The Nonlinear Influence of Load Resistance in an Electromagnetic Vibrational Energy Harvester

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月4日

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  • R. Bjørk

摘要

Purpose

An electromagnetic vibrational energy harvester (EMVEH) can be used to harvest energy for small applications. The power produced by the EMVEH is dissipated over a load resistance. However, because this is connected to a set of coils used to harvest the power, the load resistance has a direct influence on the EMVEH. Here we investigate this influence.

Methods

Using a vibrational shaker and an EMVEH we experimentally determine the voltage and power produced of the EMVEH as function of shaking frequency, load resistance and number of turns of the coils used in the EMVEH.

Results

We show that a resonance peak in frequency of the EMVEH disappear when large coils are used. We then find that the EMVEH display hysteresis when changing the load resistance from one matched to the internal series resistance of the coils to a higher value, making the resonance peak reappear. Utilizing this, we show that it is possible to switch from the low to the high energy state by shortly switching to an open circuit load and then back to the load resistance, thereby increased the power harvested from 0.53 mW to 1.37 mW.

Conclusion

We have show that the behavior of the EMVEH with respect to load resistance is highly nonlinear, to the point of being able to remove a resonance peak of the harvester. Switching load resistances away from the match resistance can lead to an increase in power of 160%.