Purpose <p>This study aims to investigate the relationship and variation law of multi-layer shallow soil stress pressure and ground-reflected pressure in the near-field under near-ground explosion.</p> Method <p>Through carrying out the TNT near-ground air explosion test with different detonation heights, the ground-reflected pressure and multi-depth soil stress in the near-field were measured by using the high-precision measurement system. By improving the traditional wavelet threshold method, the original measured signal is denoised, which reduces the influence of the noise signal on the test results. And the variation law of the shock wave and the shallow soil stress is analyzed according to the processed test data. Combined with dimensional analysis, considering factors such as explosion height and soil depth, a modified calculation model for soil stress peak is established based on the measured data.</p> Results <p>The results showed that when the proportional distance is less than 1.587 m/kg^1/3, the explosion wave continues to propagate in the soil in the form of shock wave. With the increase of the proportional distance, the soil stress curve rises slowly, its peak attenuates obviously, and the shock wave propagates forward in the form of elastic wave in the soil layer. And the fit goodness of the modified calculation model of soil stress peak is 98.98%. and the maximum RMSE is 0.041 MPa. The maximum relative deviation between the theoretical calculation results and the measured results is 14.9%, which can meet the requirements of engineering test accuracy.</p> Conclusion <p>This study has certain reference value for the design of improvised explosive devices and the evaluation of the ammunition damage power of near-ground.</p>