Purpose <p>This study extends the elastic wave theory in porous media to stratified saturated frozen soils, focusing on the transmission and reflection of P₁ wave—the fastest compressional wave mode—at interlayer interfaces.</p> Methods <p>Analytical formulations are derived based on Helmholtz decomposition and boundary continuity conditions for frozen saturated media. Numerical simulations in MATLAB assess how incident angle, frequency, temperature, porosity, cementation, and contact parameter affect wave amplitudes and energy ratios.</p> Results <p>Wave propagation is highly sensitive to incident angle. Shear waves are absent under normal incidence, while only reflected P₁ wave exist at grazing angles. The lower frozen soil layer shows greater sensitivity to parameter changes, particularly temperature and ice content, which strongly influence shear wave development at the interface.</p> Conclusions <p>The work reveals new wave interaction mechanisms specific to cryogenic layered systems and highlights the critical role of ice-phase dynamics and structural parameters in seismic wave behavior. These findings complement and extend existing models of wave propagation by incorporating conditions unique to layered saturated frozen soils, contributing to seismic wave modeling in cold-region frozen soils.</p>