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Purpose <p>Wideband low-frequency vibrations are ubiquitous in ambient environments, while their efficient conversion into usable energy remains a formidable challenge in current energy harvesting technologies. A conventional piezoelectric energy harvester (CPEH) has a narrow resonant frequency bandwidth, which makes it difficult to efficiently utilize wideband vibrational energy. This paper proposes a piezoelectric energy harvester based on a spring-slider structure and a passive self-tuning mechanism.</p> Methods <p>The structure exhibits a passive self-tuning frequency range. When the excitation frequency is within this range, the slider moves, causing the resonance frequency of the beam to change, which induces significant vibrations in the beam. We derived the electromechanical control equations and conducted numerical simulations. A prototype of the harvester is developed and experimentally validated.</p> Results and Conclusions <p>The simulation results indicate that the beam exhibited periodic vibrations within the self-tuning frequency band. The results from the frequency sweep experiments show that, under an excitation amplitude of 0.4&#xa0;g, the proposed spring-slider piezoelectric energy harvester (SSPEH) has bandwidths in forward and backward sweeps that are increased by 220% and 500%, respectively, compared to the CPEH. Additionally, in the forward and backward sweeps, the lower bounds for achieving passive self-tuning are reduced by 0.8&#xa0;Hz and 2.6&#xa0;Hz, respectively, compared to the resonant frequency of the CPEH. The study also explored the effects of key parameters on the bandwidth and lower bound frequency, including the spring stiffness, slider mass, and distance from the slider to the fixed end. This study provides a method for passive self-tuning piezoelectric energy harvesting based on source-free adaptation.</p>

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A Passive Self-Tuning Piezoelectric Energy Harvester Based on a Spring-Slider Structure for Broadband Vibration Energy Harvesting

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月13日

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  • Xiangye Chen,
  • Peng Liu,
  • Fujiang Cui

摘要

Purpose

Wideband low-frequency vibrations are ubiquitous in ambient environments, while their efficient conversion into usable energy remains a formidable challenge in current energy harvesting technologies. A conventional piezoelectric energy harvester (CPEH) has a narrow resonant frequency bandwidth, which makes it difficult to efficiently utilize wideband vibrational energy. This paper proposes a piezoelectric energy harvester based on a spring-slider structure and a passive self-tuning mechanism.

Methods

The structure exhibits a passive self-tuning frequency range. When the excitation frequency is within this range, the slider moves, causing the resonance frequency of the beam to change, which induces significant vibrations in the beam. We derived the electromechanical control equations and conducted numerical simulations. A prototype of the harvester is developed and experimentally validated.

Results and Conclusions

The simulation results indicate that the beam exhibited periodic vibrations within the self-tuning frequency band. The results from the frequency sweep experiments show that, under an excitation amplitude of 0.4 g, the proposed spring-slider piezoelectric energy harvester (SSPEH) has bandwidths in forward and backward sweeps that are increased by 220% and 500%, respectively, compared to the CPEH. Additionally, in the forward and backward sweeps, the lower bounds for achieving passive self-tuning are reduced by 0.8 Hz and 2.6 Hz, respectively, compared to the resonant frequency of the CPEH. The study also explored the effects of key parameters on the bandwidth and lower bound frequency, including the spring stiffness, slider mass, and distance from the slider to the fixed end. This study provides a method for passive self-tuning piezoelectric energy harvesting based on source-free adaptation.