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Purpose <p>Differential settlement at the road-bridge transition zone often leads to severe vehicle bumping, compromising ride comfort and potentially causing structural damage to the bridge.</p> Methods <p>To address this issue, this study proposes an innovative Vehicle-Road-Bridge coupled system considering spatial continuity (VRB-SC) and evaluates the mitigation effects of approach slabs. The Galerkin method and the <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="42417_2025_1821_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="112" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(Newmark-\beta\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mi>e</mi> <mi>w</mi> <mi>m</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>r</mi> <mi>k</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>β</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> algorithm are used&#xa0;for numerical analysis&#xa0;and&#xa0;the proposed model is validated through finite element simulations. Key factors analyzed include the presence or absence of approach slabs, their lengths, settlement levels between abutments and embankments, and vehicle velocity.</p> Results and conclusions <p>Results indicate that approach slabs significantly reduce vehicle bumping phenomena and associated dynamic responses. Specifically, the maximum vertical acceleration of the vehicle-body and dynamic tire loads are reduced by up to 51.1% and 67.33%, respectively. And the optimal length for slab design is 8–12&#xa0;m, which can ensure higher comfort for vehicles entering, on and exiting the bridge. Settlement levels exceeding 2&#xa0;cm may amplify vehicle-induced vibrations, undermining the mitigation effects. These findings provide crucial insights into the optimal design of approach slabs, ensuring smoother vehicle transitions at bridgeheads and enhancing ride comfort while minimizing structural impacts on the bridge.</p>

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Vibration Analysis of a Vehicle-Road-Bridge Coupled System Considering Spatial Continuity and Differential Settlement Mitigation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月21日

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  • Shaohua Li,
  • Jingnan Guo,
  • Jianying Ren,
  • Shaopu Yang

摘要

Purpose

Differential settlement at the road-bridge transition zone often leads to severe vehicle bumping, compromising ride comfort and potentially causing structural damage to the bridge.

Methods

To address this issue, this study proposes an innovative Vehicle-Road-Bridge coupled system considering spatial continuity (VRB-SC) and evaluates the mitigation effects of approach slabs. The Galerkin method and the \(Newmark-\beta\) N e w m a r k - β algorithm are used for numerical analysis and the proposed model is validated through finite element simulations. Key factors analyzed include the presence or absence of approach slabs, their lengths, settlement levels between abutments and embankments, and vehicle velocity.

Results and conclusions

Results indicate that approach slabs significantly reduce vehicle bumping phenomena and associated dynamic responses. Specifically, the maximum vertical acceleration of the vehicle-body and dynamic tire loads are reduced by up to 51.1% and 67.33%, respectively. And the optimal length for slab design is 8–12 m, which can ensure higher comfort for vehicles entering, on and exiting the bridge. Settlement levels exceeding 2 cm may amplify vehicle-induced vibrations, undermining the mitigation effects. These findings provide crucial insights into the optimal design of approach slabs, ensuring smoother vehicle transitions at bridgeheads and enhancing ride comfort while minimizing structural impacts on the bridge.