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<p>It is critical to research propellant mixtures for detonation for the development of pulse detonation engines. The identification of the optimal mixture significantly influences the design and operational efficiency of these engines. A quiescent mixture refers to an inactive mixture at the initiation phase of any detonation process. This process is initiated by a detonation kernel, which expands rapidly and transitions into a detonation shock front. The composition and variability of these quiescent mixtures constitute the central focus of this study. This research provides an extensive comparative analysis of four specific fuel–oxygen mixtures: acetylene (C₂H₂) + oxygen (O₂), methane (CH₄) + oxygen (O₂), hydrogen (H₂) + oxygen (O₂), and propane (C₃H₈) + oxygen (O₂), each evaluated for their effectiveness in detonation-based propulsion systems. An array of diagnostics, including pressure, velocity, density, and Mach number assessments, was employed to evaluate the thermochemical and kinetic performances of each mixture across varying oxidizer-to-fuel (O/F) ratios. The findings reveal that both C₂H₂ and C₃H₈ exhibited elevated CJ detonation pressures ranging from 20 to 50&#xa0;atm and Mach numbers in the range of 7 to 9, rendering them suitable for high-thrust applications. In contrast, H₂ + O₂ demonstrated the highest detonation velocity of around 5400&#xa0;m/s; however, this was accompanied by lower pressures concentrated in the range of 10–20&#xa0;atm and a Mach number of 3–4.5, attributable to its elevated pre-detonation sound speed. The CH₄ + O₂ mixture presented a moderate and balanced performance. The investigation offers valuable insights for selecting optimal mixtures tailored to specific applications in detonation-based systems, including the pulse detonation engine.</p>

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Numerical evaluation of quiescent mixtures suitable for a sustainable detonation in pulse detonation engine

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月21日

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  • Arvind Pallela,
  • Amit Kumar Thakur

摘要

It is critical to research propellant mixtures for detonation for the development of pulse detonation engines. The identification of the optimal mixture significantly influences the design and operational efficiency of these engines. A quiescent mixture refers to an inactive mixture at the initiation phase of any detonation process. This process is initiated by a detonation kernel, which expands rapidly and transitions into a detonation shock front. The composition and variability of these quiescent mixtures constitute the central focus of this study. This research provides an extensive comparative analysis of four specific fuel–oxygen mixtures: acetylene (C₂H₂) + oxygen (O₂), methane (CH₄) + oxygen (O₂), hydrogen (H₂) + oxygen (O₂), and propane (C₃H₈) + oxygen (O₂), each evaluated for their effectiveness in detonation-based propulsion systems. An array of diagnostics, including pressure, velocity, density, and Mach number assessments, was employed to evaluate the thermochemical and kinetic performances of each mixture across varying oxidizer-to-fuel (O/F) ratios. The findings reveal that both C₂H₂ and C₃H₈ exhibited elevated CJ detonation pressures ranging from 20 to 50 atm and Mach numbers in the range of 7 to 9, rendering them suitable for high-thrust applications. In contrast, H₂ + O₂ demonstrated the highest detonation velocity of around 5400 m/s; however, this was accompanied by lower pressures concentrated in the range of 10–20 atm and a Mach number of 3–4.5, attributable to its elevated pre-detonation sound speed. The CH₄ + O₂ mixture presented a moderate and balanced performance. The investigation offers valuable insights for selecting optimal mixtures tailored to specific applications in detonation-based systems, including the pulse detonation engine.