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Background <p>Transition from pediatric to adult healthcare can reinforce evidence-based disease management or risk its disruption, yet remains underexplored for individuals with headache disorders. We examined self-reported headache transition experiences among U.S. young adults, characterizing receipt of transition services, attainment of transition skills, and associations with having a source of adult headache care.</p> Methods <p>Cross-sectional, community-based, mixed-methods survey of U.S. young adults aged 18–25, purposively oversampling populations underserved by headache care. Of 616 screened, 248 endorsed recurring headaches; 207 (83.5%) completed the survey and 201 were eligible for analyses. Multivariable logistic regression and reflexive thematic analysis of over 1,000 comments were integrated via convergent parallel design.</p> Results <p>Among 201 respondents (median age 23; 65.7% female; 65.7% persons of color), 28.4% (57/201) lacked headache care despite a median 7 headache days/month and 70.1% (122/174) severe functional impairment by Headache Impact Test. Transition support was limited: 71.6% (144/201) received no help connecting to an adult provider, 56.2% (113/201) lacked clear diagnostic or treatment explanations, and 46.0% (92/200) reported their symptoms had been dismissed by healthcare professionals. Each additional transition service (aOR 2.08, 95% CI 1.60–2.82) and skill (aOR 1.44, 95% CI 1.16–1.80) independently increased odds of adult headache care. Qualitative analysis identified logistical, developmental, and interpersonal gaps, with healthcare-related stigma a cross-cutting theme.</p> Conclusions <p>Young adults with headache disorders receive inadequate transition support, leaving many without established headache care despite high burden. Findings support strengthening transition frameworks to improve adoption and reflect patient priorities.</p>

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Young Adult Perspectives on the Transition from Pediatric to Adult Headache Care: A Mixed-Methods Community-Based Study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月3日

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  • Richelle deMayo,
  • Emily O. Wakefield,
  • Katherine A. Hinderer,
  • Amirul Anuar,
  • Carissa Fowler,
  • Peter Davis Smith,
  • Katherine Marie Podraza

摘要

Background

Transition from pediatric to adult healthcare can reinforce evidence-based disease management or risk its disruption, yet remains underexplored for individuals with headache disorders. We examined self-reported headache transition experiences among U.S. young adults, characterizing receipt of transition services, attainment of transition skills, and associations with having a source of adult headache care.

Methods

Cross-sectional, community-based, mixed-methods survey of U.S. young adults aged 18–25, purposively oversampling populations underserved by headache care. Of 616 screened, 248 endorsed recurring headaches; 207 (83.5%) completed the survey and 201 were eligible for analyses. Multivariable logistic regression and reflexive thematic analysis of over 1,000 comments were integrated via convergent parallel design.

Results

Among 201 respondents (median age 23; 65.7% female; 65.7% persons of color), 28.4% (57/201) lacked headache care despite a median 7 headache days/month and 70.1% (122/174) severe functional impairment by Headache Impact Test. Transition support was limited: 71.6% (144/201) received no help connecting to an adult provider, 56.2% (113/201) lacked clear diagnostic or treatment explanations, and 46.0% (92/200) reported their symptoms had been dismissed by healthcare professionals. Each additional transition service (aOR 2.08, 95% CI 1.60–2.82) and skill (aOR 1.44, 95% CI 1.16–1.80) independently increased odds of adult headache care. Qualitative analysis identified logistical, developmental, and interpersonal gaps, with healthcare-related stigma a cross-cutting theme.

Conclusions

Young adults with headache disorders receive inadequate transition support, leaving many without established headache care despite high burden. Findings support strengthening transition frameworks to improve adoption and reflect patient priorities.