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Background <p>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major public health concern in India and is increasingly recognized as an important risk factor for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Diabetic bladder dysfunction can significantly impair quality of life in women; however, region-specific evidence from Indian populations remains limited.</p> Objective <p>To evaluate the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus and LUTS in Indian women and to compare the prevalence, pattern, and severity of symptoms between diabetic and non-diabetic participants.</p> Methods <p>A hospital-based cross-sectional comparative study was conducted over six months at a tertiary care center. Adult women (≥ 18 years) were categorized into diabetic (<i>n</i> = 88) and non-diabetic (<i>n</i> = 58) groups. LUTS were assessed using validated questionnaires (Urogenital Distress Inventory-6 [UDI-6] and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire–Short Form [ICIQ-UI SF]). Demographic, clinical, and glycemic parameters were recorded. Statistical analysis included independent t-test, chi-square test, and multivariable logistic regression. Correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between HbA1c levels and symptom burden.</p> Results <p>A total of 146 women were included. Diabetic participants exhibited a predominance of voiding symptoms, including incomplete emptying (<i>p</i> = 0.005), straining (<i>p</i> = 0.005), hesitancy (<i>p</i> = 0.044), and nocturia (<i>p</i> = 0.019). In contrast, non-diabetic participants reported higher storage symptoms such as urgency and frequency (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Although overall urinary distress (UDI-6) was higher among non-diabetics, severity scores derived from ICIQ-UI SF were significantly higher in diabetic women (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). HbA1c showed moderate positive correlations with UDI-6 (<i>r</i> = 0.361) and severity scores (<i>r</i> = 0.401). Strong correlations were observed between UDI-6 and severity (<i>r</i> = 0.801), and between ICIQ-UI SF and quality of life (<i>r</i> = 0.832).</p> Conclusion <p>Diabetes mellitus is associated with a distinct LUTS profile in women, characterized by predominance of voiding dysfunction and higher symptom severity. Glycemic control appears to influence urinary symptom burden. These findings highlight the importance of early screening and integrated metabolic-urological care in women with diabetes.</p>

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Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Indian Women with Diabetes and Non-Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月1日

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  • Sai shashank Gudla,
  • Dhanaraju Magharla Dasaratha,
  • Himasree Pithani,
  • Srivalli Tanuku,
  • Ranitha Kadigitala,
  • Goutham Reddy Sathi

摘要

Background

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major public health concern in India and is increasingly recognized as an important risk factor for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Diabetic bladder dysfunction can significantly impair quality of life in women; however, region-specific evidence from Indian populations remains limited.

Objective

To evaluate the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus and LUTS in Indian women and to compare the prevalence, pattern, and severity of symptoms between diabetic and non-diabetic participants.

Methods

A hospital-based cross-sectional comparative study was conducted over six months at a tertiary care center. Adult women (≥ 18 years) were categorized into diabetic (n = 88) and non-diabetic (n = 58) groups. LUTS were assessed using validated questionnaires (Urogenital Distress Inventory-6 [UDI-6] and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire–Short Form [ICIQ-UI SF]). Demographic, clinical, and glycemic parameters were recorded. Statistical analysis included independent t-test, chi-square test, and multivariable logistic regression. Correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between HbA1c levels and symptom burden.

Results

A total of 146 women were included. Diabetic participants exhibited a predominance of voiding symptoms, including incomplete emptying (p = 0.005), straining (p = 0.005), hesitancy (p = 0.044), and nocturia (p = 0.019). In contrast, non-diabetic participants reported higher storage symptoms such as urgency and frequency (p < 0.001). Although overall urinary distress (UDI-6) was higher among non-diabetics, severity scores derived from ICIQ-UI SF were significantly higher in diabetic women (p < 0.001). HbA1c showed moderate positive correlations with UDI-6 (r = 0.361) and severity scores (r = 0.401). Strong correlations were observed between UDI-6 and severity (r = 0.801), and between ICIQ-UI SF and quality of life (r = 0.832).

Conclusion

Diabetes mellitus is associated with a distinct LUTS profile in women, characterized by predominance of voiding dysfunction and higher symptom severity. Glycemic control appears to influence urinary symptom burden. These findings highlight the importance of early screening and integrated metabolic-urological care in women with diabetes.