Technical Mastery in OPCAB Surgery: An Institutional Review of Tips, Techniques, and Operative Approach
摘要
Off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) surgery remains a valuable alternative to conventional on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), particularly in high-risk patients in whom cardiopulmonary bypass may increase perioperative morbidity. This review combines current evidence with institutional experience to present a structured technical guide to OPCAB surgery, focusing on operative strategies, multi-arterial grafting, and intraoperative decision-making. Although OPCAB has a steep learning curve requiring consistent practice and disciplined execution, it remains highly relevant in contemporary cardiac surgery, particularly in patients with multiple comorbidities and complex coronary anatomy. This manuscript provides a technical review supported by institutional data and highlights key operative principles that facilitate safe adoption and reproducible outcomes.