Dermatologic and Psychiatric Interface: Comorbid Conditions in Acne Patients
摘要
Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder frequently associated with significant psychological distress. Although most prevalent among adolescents and young adults, acne can persist into adulthood and is often accompanied by psychiatric comorbidities such as anxiety, Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD), and compulsive behaviors.
ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the psychiatric comorbidities associated with acne, including anxiety disorders, BDD, and Excoriation disorder, and to evaluate their correlation with acne severity and demographic variables.
MethodsA cross-sectional, single-center study was conducted on patients diagnosed with acne. Standardized tools including the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ), Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire (BDDQ), and Skin Picking Scale–Revised (SPS-R) were used for screening. All participants underwent psychiatric evaluation based on DSM-5 criteria.
ResultsAmong the participants, 60.5% were found to have a psychiatric comorbidity. Anxiety symptoms were reported by 41.9%, with 23.2% receiving a formal anxiety disorder diagnosis. BDD was diagnosed in 11.6%, with the highest prevalence among those with comedonal acne. Excoriation disorder was identified in 17% of patients, with higher occurrence among those with severe or long-standing acne. No significant association was found between BDD and age. Acne severity was significantly associated with psychiatric morbidity.
ConclusionThe findings suggest a high prevalence of psychiatric conditions in patients with acne, particularly anxiety, BDD, and compulsive skin-picking behaviors. Early identification and interdisciplinary management involving dermatology and psychiatry are crucial to improving both dermatologic and psychological outcomes.