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Background <p>Metabolically Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD), the updated terminology for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), represents a spectrum of hepatic disorders associated with metabolic dysfunction. The global prevalence of MAFLD has increased substantially, particularly among adolescents, obese children, and the elderly. This rising burden parallels the growing incidence of obesity and metabolic syndrome. In addition to environmental and lifestyle factors, genetic susceptibility plays a critical role in excessive caloric intake, metabolic dysregulation, and disease progression.</p> Objective <p>This review aims to summarize current advances and emerging trends in personalized medicine for MAFLD and to highlight potential therapeutic opportunities derived from integrative genomic and proteomic analyses.</p> Methods <p>Recent literature on MAFLD pathogenesis, therapeutic strategies, and personalized medicine approaches was examined, with emphasis on studies utilizing systems biology frameworks and integrative multi-omics methodologies to identify potential druggable targets and biomarkers.</p> Results <p>Current therapeutic strategies for MAFLD remain largely uniform across patient populations, with limited personalization. Conventional drug development approaches, including small molecules targeting hepatocellular injury, fibrosis, and inflammatory pathways, have demonstrated limited success in achieving robust clinical efficacy. Moreover, the availability of diagnostic evidence to support individualized interventions, particularly in elderly populations, remains insufficient. Emerging systems biology and multi-omics approaches provide new insights into molecular heterogeneity and potential therapeutic targets; however, progress is constrained by an incomplete understanding of the MAFLD-associated druggablegenome.</p> Conclusion <p>Personalized medicine offers a promising framework for improving MAFLD management by integrating genomic, proteomic, and systems-level data to guide targeted therapies. Advancing knowledge of the MAFLD druggable genome and developing reliable biomarkers will be critical for enabling effective precision-based interventions and improving clinical outcomes.</p>

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Personalized Medicine Approaches in Metabolically Associated Fatty Liver Disease: A Comprehensive Review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月14日

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  • Vaibhavkumar Patel,
  • Archana Navale,
  • Pratichi Singh

摘要

Background

Metabolically Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD), the updated terminology for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), represents a spectrum of hepatic disorders associated with metabolic dysfunction. The global prevalence of MAFLD has increased substantially, particularly among adolescents, obese children, and the elderly. This rising burden parallels the growing incidence of obesity and metabolic syndrome. In addition to environmental and lifestyle factors, genetic susceptibility plays a critical role in excessive caloric intake, metabolic dysregulation, and disease progression.

Objective

This review aims to summarize current advances and emerging trends in personalized medicine for MAFLD and to highlight potential therapeutic opportunities derived from integrative genomic and proteomic analyses.

Methods

Recent literature on MAFLD pathogenesis, therapeutic strategies, and personalized medicine approaches was examined, with emphasis on studies utilizing systems biology frameworks and integrative multi-omics methodologies to identify potential druggable targets and biomarkers.

Results

Current therapeutic strategies for MAFLD remain largely uniform across patient populations, with limited personalization. Conventional drug development approaches, including small molecules targeting hepatocellular injury, fibrosis, and inflammatory pathways, have demonstrated limited success in achieving robust clinical efficacy. Moreover, the availability of diagnostic evidence to support individualized interventions, particularly in elderly populations, remains insufficient. Emerging systems biology and multi-omics approaches provide new insights into molecular heterogeneity and potential therapeutic targets; however, progress is constrained by an incomplete understanding of the MAFLD-associated druggablegenome.

Conclusion

Personalized medicine offers a promising framework for improving MAFLD management by integrating genomic, proteomic, and systems-level data to guide targeted therapies. Advancing knowledge of the MAFLD druggable genome and developing reliable biomarkers will be critical for enabling effective precision-based interventions and improving clinical outcomes.