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Background <p>Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic psychiatric condition characterized by recurrent episodes of mania and depression, significantly impairing quality of life. Although pharmacological treatment remains central to management, data on prescribing patterns and clinical outcomes from Indian tertiary care centers are limited.</p> Methods <p>This longitudinal, repeated-measure, retrospective observational study included one hundred patients diagnosed with BD according to the International Classification of Diseases-10 (ICD-10) criteria. Symptom severity was evaluated via the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) for mania and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) for depressive symptoms. Patients received individualized treatment regimens, including mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, and benzodiazepines. Pre- and post-treatment symptom scores were compared via paired Student’s&#xa0;<i>t</i> tests. Medication adherence was evaluated via the chi-square test, with <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05 considered statistically significant.</p> Results <p>The majority of patients were female (65%), aged 29–38 years (38%), and from semi-urban areas (68%). A family history of psychiatric illness was present in 70% of the participants, and 51% reported suicidal ideation. Posttreatment, YMRS and HAM-D scores were significantly lower (mean difference: 5.14 and 3.15, respectively; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001), with greater treatment responsiveness observed in the mild and moderate severity groups. Diazepam, trihexyphenidyl, haloperidol, lithium, and sodium valproate were the most commonly prescribed agents. Medication adherence improved significantly after treatment (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), particularly among patients with mild symptoms.</p> Conclusion <p>Standard pharmacological therapy significantly reduces manic and depressive symptoms in patients with bipolar disorder, particularly those with mild to moderate severity. Enhanced medication adherence—driven by individualized treatment and psychosocial support—was strongly associated with improved clinical outcomes. These findings highlight the critical importance of early diagnosis, personalized care, and integrated management strategies in optimizing bipolar disorder treatment within tertiary care settings.</p>

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Evaluation of Treatment Response and Adherence in Bipolar Disorders: a Longitudinal Retrospective Study from a Semi-Urban South Indian Tertiary Care Hospital

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月26日

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  • Krishna Kumar Dhakchinamoorthi,
  • Pavithra Krishna Moorthy,
  • Ramanandha Mishra Annadurai,
  • Yoshni Regunathan,
  • Yuvaraj Jaisankar,
  • Sanjay Bose

摘要

Background

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic psychiatric condition characterized by recurrent episodes of mania and depression, significantly impairing quality of life. Although pharmacological treatment remains central to management, data on prescribing patterns and clinical outcomes from Indian tertiary care centers are limited.

Methods

This longitudinal, repeated-measure, retrospective observational study included one hundred patients diagnosed with BD according to the International Classification of Diseases-10 (ICD-10) criteria. Symptom severity was evaluated via the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) for mania and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) for depressive symptoms. Patients received individualized treatment regimens, including mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, and benzodiazepines. Pre- and post-treatment symptom scores were compared via paired Student’s t tests. Medication adherence was evaluated via the chi-square test, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant.

Results

The majority of patients were female (65%), aged 29–38 years (38%), and from semi-urban areas (68%). A family history of psychiatric illness was present in 70% of the participants, and 51% reported suicidal ideation. Posttreatment, YMRS and HAM-D scores were significantly lower (mean difference: 5.14 and 3.15, respectively; p < 0.0001), with greater treatment responsiveness observed in the mild and moderate severity groups. Diazepam, trihexyphenidyl, haloperidol, lithium, and sodium valproate were the most commonly prescribed agents. Medication adherence improved significantly after treatment (p < 0.001), particularly among patients with mild symptoms.

Conclusion

Standard pharmacological therapy significantly reduces manic and depressive symptoms in patients with bipolar disorder, particularly those with mild to moderate severity. Enhanced medication adherence—driven by individualized treatment and psychosocial support—was strongly associated with improved clinical outcomes. These findings highlight the critical importance of early diagnosis, personalized care, and integrated management strategies in optimizing bipolar disorder treatment within tertiary care settings.