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Objectives <p>To examine dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and feeding problems in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and their relationships with anthropometric measures and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms.</p> Methods <p>Cross-sectional study in urban developmental centers. Of 60 recruited children (4–12 y) with ASD, 53 were analyzed (7 excluded for incomplete diet/GI data). Diet was assessed using a semi-quantitative FFQ and a 24-h recall. TAC (mmol/day) was estimated by mapping FFQ items to a FRAP-indexed antioxidant database and aggregating item-level values; nutrient adequacy was expressed as % of age/sex-specific TÜBER-2022 recommendations. Anthropometry was converted to WHO BMI-for-age z-scores; GI symptoms were parent-reported. Statistics included sex comparisons, correlations, and multivariable models adjusting for age, sex, and parental education.</p> Results <p>Mean TAC was 2.72 ± 1.40 mmol/day (no sex difference, <i>p</i> = 0.655). Frequent feeding problems included refusal of new foods (60.6%), food selectivity (39.3%), and pica (33.3%). Median adequacy was <b>&lt; </b>50% for vitamin D, vitamin E, and iron. GI symptoms were common (constipation 22.6%, abdominal pain 28.3%). In adjusted models, higher TAC was associated with healthier BMI z-scores and lower odds of constipation (effect sizes to be inserted after re-analysis).</p> Conclusions <p>Suboptimal antioxidant intake and prevalent feeding problems co-occur with GI symptoms in Turkish children with ASD. Findings are associative, supporting targeted, culturally adapted strategies to increase antioxidant-rich foods and fiber while addressing feeding difficulties.</p>

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Dietary Antioxidant Capacity and Feeding Problems in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Relationships with Growth and Gastrointestinal Symptoms

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月29日

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  • Dilara Uzunoğlu,
  • Sedat Arslan

摘要

Objectives

To examine dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and feeding problems in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and their relationships with anthropometric measures and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms.

Methods

Cross-sectional study in urban developmental centers. Of 60 recruited children (4–12 y) with ASD, 53 were analyzed (7 excluded for incomplete diet/GI data). Diet was assessed using a semi-quantitative FFQ and a 24-h recall. TAC (mmol/day) was estimated by mapping FFQ items to a FRAP-indexed antioxidant database and aggregating item-level values; nutrient adequacy was expressed as % of age/sex-specific TÜBER-2022 recommendations. Anthropometry was converted to WHO BMI-for-age z-scores; GI symptoms were parent-reported. Statistics included sex comparisons, correlations, and multivariable models adjusting for age, sex, and parental education.

Results

Mean TAC was 2.72 ± 1.40 mmol/day (no sex difference, p = 0.655). Frequent feeding problems included refusal of new foods (60.6%), food selectivity (39.3%), and pica (33.3%). Median adequacy was < 50% for vitamin D, vitamin E, and iron. GI symptoms were common (constipation 22.6%, abdominal pain 28.3%). In adjusted models, higher TAC was associated with healthier BMI z-scores and lower odds of constipation (effect sizes to be inserted after re-analysis).

Conclusions

Suboptimal antioxidant intake and prevalent feeding problems co-occur with GI symptoms in Turkish children with ASD. Findings are associative, supporting targeted, culturally adapted strategies to increase antioxidant-rich foods and fiber while addressing feeding difficulties.