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Background <p>Monkeypox (Mpox), viral infection of global health concern, demands attention due to outbreaks and severe complications. Initially,&#xa0;identified in 1958 in Central Africa, Mpox has emerged in several non-endemic countries, leading to widespread outbreaks. Clinically,&#xa0;the initial symptoms of Mpox are often nonspecific such as headache, fever, fatigue and lymphadenopathy. While typically less&#xa0;severe than smallpox, Mpox may result in complications including pneumonia, ocular infections, and other bacterial infections, with&#xa0;recent cases showing unusual symptoms such as rectal lesions, further complicating early diagnosis.</p> Methods <p>A systematic literature review (SLR), guided by preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA),&#xa0;underscores lesion characterization in diagnosis and management, highlighting manifestations like conjunctivitis and periocularumbilicated&#xa0;lesions, urging clinician vigilance.</p> Results <p>While Mpox has low mortality rate, cases often require hospitalization and antiviral treatment. Oral lesions may be indicators,&#xa0;emphasizing dentists and healthcare personnel role in early detection and differentiation from others. Pediatric patients are&#xa0;vulnerable, experiencing nausea, vomiting, and distressing mouth sores. Despite limited evidence quality, to case reports and&#xa0;imprecise characterization of ophthalmic manifestations, review emphasizes awareness among healthcare professionals for timely&#xa0;diagnosis.</p> Conclusion <p>SLR stresses awareness among medical specialists, including urologists and neuro-specialists, to differentiate Mpox, ensure optimal&#xa0;care, and provide indicative maintenance for oral lesions, in early diagnosis.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Clinical Correlations of the Pox Viruses—Systematic Review on the Lesion Characterization Among the Infected Humans

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月26日

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  • Sonam Yadav

摘要

Background

Monkeypox (Mpox), viral infection of global health concern, demands attention due to outbreaks and severe complications. Initially, identified in 1958 in Central Africa, Mpox has emerged in several non-endemic countries, leading to widespread outbreaks. Clinically, the initial symptoms of Mpox are often nonspecific such as headache, fever, fatigue and lymphadenopathy. While typically less severe than smallpox, Mpox may result in complications including pneumonia, ocular infections, and other bacterial infections, with recent cases showing unusual symptoms such as rectal lesions, further complicating early diagnosis.

Methods

A systematic literature review (SLR), guided by preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA), underscores lesion characterization in diagnosis and management, highlighting manifestations like conjunctivitis and periocularumbilicated lesions, urging clinician vigilance.

Results

While Mpox has low mortality rate, cases often require hospitalization and antiviral treatment. Oral lesions may be indicators, emphasizing dentists and healthcare personnel role in early detection and differentiation from others. Pediatric patients are vulnerable, experiencing nausea, vomiting, and distressing mouth sores. Despite limited evidence quality, to case reports and imprecise characterization of ophthalmic manifestations, review emphasizes awareness among healthcare professionals for timely diagnosis.

Conclusion

SLR stresses awareness among medical specialists, including urologists and neuro-specialists, to differentiate Mpox, ensure optimal care, and provide indicative maintenance for oral lesions, in early diagnosis.

Graphical Abstract