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Introduction <p>Coinfection of <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi and <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> is a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, frequently manifesting as undifferentiated febrile illnesses in endemic areas. Coinfection with ARDS as a complication of the coinfection is extremely rare, and only a few cases have been described in the literature.</p> <p>Case Report</p> <p>We present the case of a 27-year-old previously healthy female native to Delhi, India, who developed ARDS on day three of in-hospital stay despite being on appropriate antimicrobial treatment for the culture-proven typho-malarial coinfection. The patient was febrile, with gastrointestinal symptoms, and developed progressive respiratory failure necessitating non-invasive ventilation. Blood culture grew <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi, and peripheral blood smear was positive for <i>Plasmodium vivax</i>. The patient received anti-malarial treatment and antibiotics, along with platelet transfusion and non-invasive ventilation.</p> Conclusion <p>This case report underscores the possibility of the severity of typho-malarial coinfection and the necessity of a high degree of clinical suspicion in endemic areas. Early identification, aggressive support therapy and proper antimicrobial therapy are crucial for good recovery.</p>

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Double Trouble: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Complicating Coinfection with Enteric Fever and Plasmodium vivax Malaria—A Case Report

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月29日

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  • Vignesh Jayaprakash,
  • Shibu Sasidharan

摘要

Introduction

Coinfection of Salmonella Typhi and Plasmodium vivax is a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, frequently manifesting as undifferentiated febrile illnesses in endemic areas. Coinfection with ARDS as a complication of the coinfection is extremely rare, and only a few cases have been described in the literature.

Case Report

We present the case of a 27-year-old previously healthy female native to Delhi, India, who developed ARDS on day three of in-hospital stay despite being on appropriate antimicrobial treatment for the culture-proven typho-malarial coinfection. The patient was febrile, with gastrointestinal symptoms, and developed progressive respiratory failure necessitating non-invasive ventilation. Blood culture grew Salmonella Typhi, and peripheral blood smear was positive for Plasmodium vivax. The patient received anti-malarial treatment and antibiotics, along with platelet transfusion and non-invasive ventilation.

Conclusion

This case report underscores the possibility of the severity of typho-malarial coinfection and the necessity of a high degree of clinical suspicion in endemic areas. Early identification, aggressive support therapy and proper antimicrobial therapy are crucial for good recovery.