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Background and Objective <p>Migraines are a multifactorial neurological disorder characterized by diverse clinical manifestations that affect the patient’s quality of life. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), a vasoactive neuropeptide, may be a crucial factor in the pathophysiology of migraines. This meta-analysis aims to explore the association between CGRP levels and pediatric migraines by comparing levels between ictal and interictal phases, and examining demographic variations. CGRP has been proposed as a biomarker, this review focuses on association rather than diagnostic performance metrics such as sensitivity or specificity.</p> Methodology <p>A comprehensive search was performed across literature on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for Observational, cross-sectional, or case–control study designs. The review protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD420251007465). Our inclusion criteria involved studies conducted on the pediatric population (&lt; 18&#xa0;years of age) both with confirmed diagnosis of migraine and healthy control groups. All citations were screened using Rayyan. Data analysis was performed using Review Manager (RevMan, version 5.4) and SPSS (version 26).</p> Results <p>The initial search yielded 266 articles. After full-text evaluation, 5 studies met the inclusion criteria 4 of which were included in the statistical analysis. The sample size of the migraine groups ranged from 38 to 76 participants, while control groups ranged from 10 to 37. Although the findings suggest that CGRP may be a useful biomarker for identifying migraines, it does not consistently distinguish between migraine subtypes or different temporal phases of the condition.</p> Conclusions <p>This meta-analysis highlights a robust association between elevated CGRP levels and pediatric migraines, reinforcing its relevance in disease pathophysiology. However, current evidence does not support CGRP’s use in distinguishing migraine subtypes or phases.</p>

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Plasma Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide as a Biomarker for Pediatric Migraine: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Preliminary Evidence

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月9日

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  • Layan Fahad Bin Mahfouz,
  • Mohamed Addas,
  • Anas Aboalsamh,
  • Abdulrazaq Bahaidrah,
  • Ghazal Albluwe,
  • Ahmed K. Bamaga

摘要

Background and Objective

Migraines are a multifactorial neurological disorder characterized by diverse clinical manifestations that affect the patient’s quality of life. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), a vasoactive neuropeptide, may be a crucial factor in the pathophysiology of migraines. This meta-analysis aims to explore the association between CGRP levels and pediatric migraines by comparing levels between ictal and interictal phases, and examining demographic variations. CGRP has been proposed as a biomarker, this review focuses on association rather than diagnostic performance metrics such as sensitivity or specificity.

Methodology

A comprehensive search was performed across literature on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for Observational, cross-sectional, or case–control study designs. The review protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD420251007465). Our inclusion criteria involved studies conducted on the pediatric population (< 18 years of age) both with confirmed diagnosis of migraine and healthy control groups. All citations were screened using Rayyan. Data analysis was performed using Review Manager (RevMan, version 5.4) and SPSS (version 26).

Results

The initial search yielded 266 articles. After full-text evaluation, 5 studies met the inclusion criteria 4 of which were included in the statistical analysis. The sample size of the migraine groups ranged from 38 to 76 participants, while control groups ranged from 10 to 37. Although the findings suggest that CGRP may be a useful biomarker for identifying migraines, it does not consistently distinguish between migraine subtypes or different temporal phases of the condition.

Conclusions

This meta-analysis highlights a robust association between elevated CGRP levels and pediatric migraines, reinforcing its relevance in disease pathophysiology. However, current evidence does not support CGRP’s use in distinguishing migraine subtypes or phases.