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<p>Diabetes and hypothyroidism are the two most prevalent endocrine disorders. Additionally, there is a higher chance of co-occurrence of both the disorders. Metformin is the most frequently prescribed drug for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and it is known to have some impact on the serum TSH levels in the patients of overt or subclinical hypothyroidism, but its effect on TSH levels in euthyroid patients is still doubtful. Hence, metformin can also be considered as a management option for at least in the case of subclinical hypothyroidism (with diabetes)—as it can also prevent the progress from subclinical hypothyroidism to overt hypothyroidism. On the other hand, a treating physician needs to be watchful while making levothyroxine dose readjustments in hypothyroid patients with diabetes on concomitant metformin therapy to avoid iatrogenic hyperthyroidism. This review highlights the information regarding the various studies that have been conducted related to effect of metformin on serum TSH, the various&#xa0;hypotheses explaining the metformin action on serum TSH, and it also presents the research gaps and insights for future studies.</p>

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Does Metformin Improve Thyroid Function? A Short Review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月1日

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  • Sohana Govula,
  • Gerard Marshall Raj

摘要

Diabetes and hypothyroidism are the two most prevalent endocrine disorders. Additionally, there is a higher chance of co-occurrence of both the disorders. Metformin is the most frequently prescribed drug for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and it is known to have some impact on the serum TSH levels in the patients of overt or subclinical hypothyroidism, but its effect on TSH levels in euthyroid patients is still doubtful. Hence, metformin can also be considered as a management option for at least in the case of subclinical hypothyroidism (with diabetes)—as it can also prevent the progress from subclinical hypothyroidism to overt hypothyroidism. On the other hand, a treating physician needs to be watchful while making levothyroxine dose readjustments in hypothyroid patients with diabetes on concomitant metformin therapy to avoid iatrogenic hyperthyroidism. This review highlights the information regarding the various studies that have been conducted related to effect of metformin on serum TSH, the various hypotheses explaining the metformin action on serum TSH, and it also presents the research gaps and insights for future studies.