<p>Bamboo an important constituent plant of many tropical and temperate forests, contribute substantially to carbon sequestration, and has been identified as a solution plant for mitigating climate change. We examine the performance of high-altitude bamboo species, namely <i>Yushania pantlingii</i>, a sympodial species, and <i>Sarocalamus racemosus</i>, a monopodial species, for carbon sequestration potential against the trees in a mixed bamboo temperate forest. The carbon stock of bamboos was estimated by harvest method while allometric equations were used for the trees. The vegetation carbon sequestration rate was determined by dividing the carbon stock by the plant’s age. Bamboos exhibited higher stem density (21052.22 Culms ha^-1) than that of the trees (303 trees ha^-1) in the present study. The aboveground biomass and carbon stock of bamboos (114.54 Mg ha^-1 and 53.82 Mg C ha^-1, respectively) were less than that of trees (212.81 Mg ha^-1 and 99.43 Mg C ha^-1, respectively), yet they sequester fifteen-fold carbon (29.35 Mg C ha^-1 yr^-1) than the trees (2.37 Mg C ha^-1 yr^-1). Juvenile bamboo culms sequester significantly higher carbon (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) than the older ones; however, in the case of the trees the 10–30&#xa0;cm age class sequesters maximum carbon. Age, culm density, and species are influential factors of carbon sequestration for bamboos, while diameter at breast height (<i>r</i> = 0.92) and tree height (<i>r</i> = 0.73) are for the trees. The present study concludes that the high-altitude bamboos despite being invasive in nature and interfering with the tree diversity can be used to mitigate climate change and ecorestoration of tree-sparse ecosystems.</p>