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<p>The synergistic interaction between phytohormones and nanoparticles holds great promise for enhancing crop growth and development. Nanoparticles act as nanocarriers, delivering essential nutrients that improve crop yield, quality, and biotic and abiotic stress resistance. As atmospheric carbon dioxide levels rise, plants initiate adaptive responses driven by phytohormones—key regulators that sense environmental signals and activate defense mechanisms. Optimizing nanoparticle concentrations can trigger stress-responsive genes and enhance plant defense systems in a controlled manner. Hormones such as auxins, gibberellins, and cytokinins are critical for plant development, with gibberellins playing a pivotal role in regulating vegetative and reproductive growth under abiotic stress. This review explores the intricate crosstalk between plant hormones and nanoparticles, highlighting their potential to mitigate salinity stress and improve crop productivity. These advancements are essential for ensuring food security in saline-affected regions. Furthermore, nanosensors capable of detecting physiological parameters such as temperature, humidity, and stomatal opening enable precise regulation of phytohormone synthesis, thereby boosting plant resilience to stress.</p>

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Enhancing crop resilience and agricultural sustainability: synergistic interactions between phytohormones and nanoparticles

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月11日

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  • Neelma Munir,
  • Zirwa Sarwar,
  • Maria Hanif,
  • Zamin Shaheed Siddiqui,
  • Kadambot H.M. Siddique,
  • Zainul Abideen

摘要

The synergistic interaction between phytohormones and nanoparticles holds great promise for enhancing crop growth and development. Nanoparticles act as nanocarriers, delivering essential nutrients that improve crop yield, quality, and biotic and abiotic stress resistance. As atmospheric carbon dioxide levels rise, plants initiate adaptive responses driven by phytohormones—key regulators that sense environmental signals and activate defense mechanisms. Optimizing nanoparticle concentrations can trigger stress-responsive genes and enhance plant defense systems in a controlled manner. Hormones such as auxins, gibberellins, and cytokinins are critical for plant development, with gibberellins playing a pivotal role in regulating vegetative and reproductive growth under abiotic stress. This review explores the intricate crosstalk between plant hormones and nanoparticles, highlighting their potential to mitigate salinity stress and improve crop productivity. These advancements are essential for ensuring food security in saline-affected regions. Furthermore, nanosensors capable of detecting physiological parameters such as temperature, humidity, and stomatal opening enable precise regulation of phytohormone synthesis, thereby boosting plant resilience to stress.