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<p><i>Trichoderma</i>, a versatile biocontrol agent, biofertilizer, and plant growth promoter fungi is a widely used and explored genus. It is amongst the most popular and researched genera that are employed as biological control agents (BCAs) because of its distinctive attributes notably antibiosis, parasitism, simulation of plant defense system, and synthesis of secondary metabolites (SMs). The escalating human population and growing resistance to synthetic pesticides threaten global food security and safety. This review delves into the untapped potential of <i>Trichoderma</i>’s arsenal of SMs exploring their diverse roles in combating pathogens, mitigating environmental stress, and enhancing plant health. We examine the intricate regulatory mechanisms governing SM biosynthesis, including signaling pathways, transcriptional controls, and post-translational modifications. Importantly, we explore emerging tools such as in-silico and computational methods as well as genome editing technology like RNA-Interference and CRISPR/Cas9 that hold promise for engineering enhanced SM production and biocontrol potential in <i>Trichoderma</i>. By unlocking the secrets of these fungal powerhouses, we can transition towards sustainable agriculture practices, ensuring a greener future for food security.</p>

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Decoding the intricate web of Trichoderma secondary metabolite biosynthesis repertoire

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月5日

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  • Divya Sharma,
  • Razak Hussain,
  • Mushtaq Ahmed,
  • Yusuf Akhter

摘要

Trichoderma, a versatile biocontrol agent, biofertilizer, and plant growth promoter fungi is a widely used and explored genus. It is amongst the most popular and researched genera that are employed as biological control agents (BCAs) because of its distinctive attributes notably antibiosis, parasitism, simulation of plant defense system, and synthesis of secondary metabolites (SMs). The escalating human population and growing resistance to synthetic pesticides threaten global food security and safety. This review delves into the untapped potential of Trichoderma’s arsenal of SMs exploring their diverse roles in combating pathogens, mitigating environmental stress, and enhancing plant health. We examine the intricate regulatory mechanisms governing SM biosynthesis, including signaling pathways, transcriptional controls, and post-translational modifications. Importantly, we explore emerging tools such as in-silico and computational methods as well as genome editing technology like RNA-Interference and CRISPR/Cas9 that hold promise for engineering enhanced SM production and biocontrol potential in Trichoderma. By unlocking the secrets of these fungal powerhouses, we can transition towards sustainable agriculture practices, ensuring a greener future for food security.