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<p>Papaya (<i>Carica papaya</i> L.) is an economically significant tropical fruit tree crop prized for its nutritional and economic value. Yet its cultivation is severely devastated by <i>Papaya ringspot virus</i> (PRSV), a very virulent pathogen responsible for typical foliar mosaic, chlorosis, shoestring and ring spots, that eventually induce yield loss and plant decline. In present study, chitosan nanoparticles were synthesized, characterized and used for the induction of resistance in papaya against PRSV. The chitosan nanoparticles (ChNPs) were synthesized and characterized by an average size of 262.10&#xa0;nm, strong positive zeta potential (+ 33.0 mV), good dispersion (KCPS 222.64) and moderate uniformity (PDI 0.365) confirming its suitability for biological use. Pot trial was performed to check effect of ChNPs against PRSV for which PRSV was artificially inoculated. The study shows a dose-dependent antiviral effect of ChNPS against PRSV with higher concentrations of ChNPs (200, 300 and 400 ppm) completely suppressing PRSV, while 100 and 150 ppm ChNP concentration significantly reduced PRSV symptoms. Virus inoculated controls plant shows PRSV symptoms while non-inoculated healthy plants treated with ChNPs shows absence of virus, highlighting ChNPs potential as an effective resistance-inducing agent. The presence and absence of PRSV in treated pots were confirmed by DAS-ELISA. Elicitation of defense related enzymes viz., peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) by ChNPs application were also evaluated. The activity of enzymes increased considerably with time, particularly at high concentrations (200, 300 and 400 ppm), with maximum levels being recorded after seven days of inoculation. Plants treated with ChNPs shows increased level of resistance due to oxidative stress and phenolic oxidation, while the virus alone control had reduced enzyme activity.</p>

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Chitosan nanoparticle-mediated elicitation of host defense enzymes in papaya against Papaya ringspot virus

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月29日

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  • Darshan M. Parmar,
  • R. G. Parmar,
  • G. B. Patil,
  • K. K. Mehta,
  • Puja Pandey,
  • D. B. Sisodiya,
  • R. R. Mevada

摘要

Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is an economically significant tropical fruit tree crop prized for its nutritional and economic value. Yet its cultivation is severely devastated by Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV), a very virulent pathogen responsible for typical foliar mosaic, chlorosis, shoestring and ring spots, that eventually induce yield loss and plant decline. In present study, chitosan nanoparticles were synthesized, characterized and used for the induction of resistance in papaya against PRSV. The chitosan nanoparticles (ChNPs) were synthesized and characterized by an average size of 262.10 nm, strong positive zeta potential (+ 33.0 mV), good dispersion (KCPS 222.64) and moderate uniformity (PDI 0.365) confirming its suitability for biological use. Pot trial was performed to check effect of ChNPs against PRSV for which PRSV was artificially inoculated. The study shows a dose-dependent antiviral effect of ChNPS against PRSV with higher concentrations of ChNPs (200, 300 and 400 ppm) completely suppressing PRSV, while 100 and 150 ppm ChNP concentration significantly reduced PRSV symptoms. Virus inoculated controls plant shows PRSV symptoms while non-inoculated healthy plants treated with ChNPs shows absence of virus, highlighting ChNPs potential as an effective resistance-inducing agent. The presence and absence of PRSV in treated pots were confirmed by DAS-ELISA. Elicitation of defense related enzymes viz., peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) by ChNPs application were also evaluated. The activity of enzymes increased considerably with time, particularly at high concentrations (200, 300 and 400 ppm), with maximum levels being recorded after seven days of inoculation. Plants treated with ChNPs shows increased level of resistance due to oxidative stress and phenolic oxidation, while the virus alone control had reduced enzyme activity.