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<p><i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</i>, an ascomycete pathogen, significantly limits black pepper production. <i>Colletotrichum</i> employs a hemibiotrophic strategy to establish parasitic relationship with the host plants. In the present study, temporal sequential events associated with the infection process of <i>C. gloeosporioides</i> in black pepper were reported for the first time. The conidia germinated 4&#xa0;h post-inoculation and 75% of conidia germinated either with one or two germ tubes after 12–14&#xa0;h. Melanized, spherical or clavate appressoria differentiated from the germ tubes exhibited a strong affinity for wax glands. The infection occurred either through appressoria or invasive hyphae, followed by intercellular colonization. The invading hyphae within mesophyll cells and localized cell death were observed after 96&#xa0;h. The acervulus initials and mature acervuli were observed 120&#xa0;h and 144&#xa0;h post-inoculation, respectively. Acervuli with setae were apparent 168&#xa0;h post-inoculation. Localized necrotic spots appeared after 172&#xa0;h and the invaded epidermal cells turned brownish, leading to necrosis. The present investigation elucidated sequential events in the infection process of <i>C. gloeosporioides</i> in black pepper.</p>

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Sequential events in the infection process of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides infecting black pepper

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月9日

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  • Mohammed Faisal Peeran,
  • C. N. Biju

摘要

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, an ascomycete pathogen, significantly limits black pepper production. Colletotrichum employs a hemibiotrophic strategy to establish parasitic relationship with the host plants. In the present study, temporal sequential events associated with the infection process of C. gloeosporioides in black pepper were reported for the first time. The conidia germinated 4 h post-inoculation and 75% of conidia germinated either with one or two germ tubes after 12–14 h. Melanized, spherical or clavate appressoria differentiated from the germ tubes exhibited a strong affinity for wax glands. The infection occurred either through appressoria or invasive hyphae, followed by intercellular colonization. The invading hyphae within mesophyll cells and localized cell death were observed after 96 h. The acervulus initials and mature acervuli were observed 120 h and 144 h post-inoculation, respectively. Acervuli with setae were apparent 168 h post-inoculation. Localized necrotic spots appeared after 172 h and the invaded epidermal cells turned brownish, leading to necrosis. The present investigation elucidated sequential events in the infection process of C. gloeosporioides in black pepper.